Widiastuti, Mira Landep
Indonesian Center for Rice Research and Bogor Agriculture University

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Identifikasi dan Klasifikasi Benih Padi Menggunakan Analisis Citra Digital Berdasarkan Bentuk Fisik Widiastuti, Mira Landep; Wahyuni, Sri; Yuningsih, Aida Fitri Viva; Rohman, Holil Munawar; Yajid, Ahmad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1795.024 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v4n1.2020.p27-34

Abstract

Seed quality testing is one of aspect control and quality assurance for certified seeds. The grain shape is one of the important parameter components tested in the seed certification process especially in the field. The common method used were using human/ analysts visual observation. It has a high degree of subjectivity and low efficiency. Observation of complex samples in the field requires an alternative observation that is more subjective and accurate. An alternative technology for identifying seeds during certification and production is identification based on digital images. The purpose of this study were to identify and classify rice seeds based on physical form using digital image analysis. A total of 20 varieties with various shapes have been taken with a microscope that connected to the camera and computer. The resulting image file was analyzed using imageJ 1.51k software and analyzed statistic to discriminate the seeds tested according to their group. Results from this study indicated that digital image analysis is able to identify and classify seeds. The grouping of seeds into long, medium and round seed categories based on perimeter, circularity, AR, and round parameters with successive correlation levels is 95.4%; 82.5%; 45.3% and 38.9%. This method is more sensitive to identifying seed characteristics than eye visualization of seeds whose physical size is outside the range of numbers specified in the description. For example Cisadane, Gilirang and Ketonggo seeds.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK INVIGORASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN VIGOR BENIH PADI / Application of Invigoration Technique in Order to Improve Seed Widiastuti, Mira Landep; Wahyuni, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 39, No 2 (2020): Desember, 2020
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v39n2.2020.p96-104

Abstract

Seed is a component of production that contributes to increasing the national rice production. The use of low-quality seeds compared with production costs, non-uniform plant growth, yield reduction, and yield quality. One effort to improve the quality of seed vigor is through invigoration treatment. Invigoration technique among other hydration, thermal treatment, and coating. The hydration method is a water absorption system in seeds. Uncontrolled absorption (hydro-priming), by soaking and drying the seeds, hardening, on-farm priming, soaking for a certain period. The controlled system (osmo-priming) by immersing in osmotic solution, osmo-hardening (integration of hardening and osmo-priming), matri-priming with moist solid media, humidifications (with high humidity), and hormonal priming (with hormones. The second method is by temperature treatment, including by cooling and heating. The third technique is the coating treatment, namely coating the seeds. Hydration system hydro-priming for 30 hours can break seed dormancy with normal germination capacity of 91.3-99.3% in Memberamo, Cipunagara, and Maros varieties. The hardening technique is effective in increasing the germination of hybrid rice seeds for 12 hours with 2 cycles and for 24 hours with one cycle. The osmo-priming technique of soaking seeds in a 10 ppm GA3 solution or a mixture of 10 ppm GA3 + 15 ppm kinetin was effective in increasing the vigor of hybrid rice seeds. The matri-priming technique with rubbing ash as a medium plus the addition of 50 µ m GA3 was effective in breaking dormancy of the Membramo, Cipunagara, and Maros varieties of rice. It is can be applied, especially by small farmers.Keywords: Rice, seed, invigoration, quality AbstrakBenih merupakan komponen budi daya yang berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan produksi padi nasional. Penggunaan benih bermutu rendah berpengaruh terhadap penambahan biaya produksi, pertumbuhan tanaman tidak seragam, dan penurunan hasil dan mutu hasil. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu benih dari aspek vigor yang rendah adalah melalui perlakuan invigorasi. Teknik invigorasi dibagi menjadi tiga metode, yaitu hidrasi, perlakuan suhu, dan pelapisan (coating). Metode hidrasi merupakan sistem penyerapan air yang dapat terjadi pada benih. Penyerapan tidak terkontrol (hydro-priming) yaitu dengan merendam dan mengeringkan benih, pengerasan (hardening), on-farm priming yaitu merendam dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Sedangkan terkontrol (osmo-priming) dengan merendam pada larutan osmotik, osmo-hardening (integrasi hardening dan osmo-priming), matripriming dengan media padat lembab, humidifications (dengan kelembaban tinggi), dan hormonal priming (dengan hormon). Metode kedua adalah dengan perlakuan suhu, diantaranya dengan pendinginan dan pemanasan. Teknik ketiga adalah dengan perlakuan coating yaitu melapisi benih. Sistem hidrasi hydropriming selama 30 jam dapat mematahkan dormansi benih dengan daya kecambah normal 91,3-99,3% pada varietas Memberamo, Cipunagara, dan Maros. Teknik hardening efektif meningkatkan daya berkecambah benih padi hibrida selama 12 jam dengan dua siklus dan selama 24 jam dengan satu siklus. Teknik osmo-priming perendaman benih dalam larutan GA3 10 ppm atau larutan campuran GA3 10 ppm + kinetin 15 ppm efektif meningkatkan vigor benih padi hibrida. Teknik matri-priming dengan abu gosok sebagai media plus penambahan GA3 50 µm efektif mematahkan dormansi padi varietas Membramo, Cipunagara, dan Maros. Teknik invigorasi tersebut dapat diterapkan, khususnya oleh petani dengan skala produksi kecil.Kata kunci: Padi, benih, invigorasi, mutu