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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Rasjid, Nuzlan
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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In Silico Analysis of Phalaenopsis Orchid Homeobox1 (POH1) Functional Gene for Shoot Development in Phalaenopsis Orchid Rasjid, Nuzlan; Kurniawan, Febri Yuda; Putri, Saifa Usni; Linggabuwana, Aviesta; Prasojo, Ireneus Seno; Semiarti, Endang
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.83934

Abstract

The most favorite ornamental crop in Indonesia is orchid which benefited as floriculture. Therefore, the quality of this crop must be improved.  Biotechnology is appropriate to be used to improve the quality and quantity of orchid plants. To conduct this method, researchers must know what genes function in plant development. In Phalaenopsis orchids, the gene has been identified as homeobox genes called Phalaenopsis Orchid Homeobox1 (POH1). This research aims to conduct in silico analysis of the gene. The materials were retrieved from mRNA and amino acid databases. Then, the materials are aligned, visualized, motif location analysis, motif function discovery, phylogenetic construction, and protein 3D structural modelling. Based on mRNA and amino acid alignment, there are 4 domain regions that are conserved in POH1 and other homologous genes, such as KNOX1, KNOX2, ELK Domain, and Homeobox KN Domain, which roles as a transcription factor involved in plant development. SWISS-MODEL and ColabFold were used in protein modelling of the protein. By ColabbFold modelling, the modelling prediction uses 325 residues, higher than SWISS-MODEL in 59 residues. ColabFold validation by Ramachandra Plot depicts having the most favourite regions is 68.6%, while SWISS-MODEL is 92.3%. Another validation parameter is overall quality factor and QMEAN Score. Protein modelling by ColabFold has overall quality factor 89.252 and QMEAN Score 0.41 ± 0.05. However, SWISS-MODEL 3D prediction has overall quality factor 98.039 and QMEAN score of 0.71 ± 0.11. 
In Vitro Culture of The Natural Orchid Dendrobium spectabile (Blume) Miq. and The Characteristics of its Fragment 700 bp of the HOMEOBOX Homologous Gene Ainina, Ana; Yudis Mahardhika, Ahmad; Rasjid, Nuzlan; Putu Ayu Erninda Oktaviani Suputri, Ni; Semiarti, Endang
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.605-616

Abstract

D. spectabile is an orchid species endemic to Papua, which has the characteristic of sepals, petals, and a curly labellum, which is very attractive, so it needs to be preserved. Propagation of this plant with in vitro culture techniques promises plant propagation in large quantities and uniformly in a short time. In plants, the HOMEOBOX gene is recognized as a key regulator of gene transcription, playing a crucial role in plant organogenesis, particularly in the shoot apical meristem. This study aims to identify the optimal in vitro culture media for D. spectabile and to conduct molecular analysis of the HOMEOBOX gene. The methods used are: subculture, amplification, motif location analysis, physicochemical characterization, phylogenetic construction, and 2D protein sequence modeling. The results of the study showed that the subculture of D. spectabile on KC+IAA 20 µM media (20.67±1.76) significantly increased shoot growth. PCR with POH1 primer successfully amplified a 700 bp HOMEOBOX fragment containing 2 motifs: ELK, involved in protein-to-protein interactions, and Homeobox-KN, a transcriptional regulator. Phylogenetic analysis showed a close evolutionary relationship between D. spectabile and D. catenatum. Further studies are needed to obtain the complete sequence for functional validation in D. spectabile.  
Co-Authors Ainina, Ana Endang Semiarti Kurniawan, Febri Yuda Linggabuwana, Aviesta Prasojo, Ireneus Seno Putri, Saifa Usni Putu Ayu Erninda Oktaviani Suputri, Ni Yudis Mahardhika, Ahmad