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All Journal CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi
Rahmah, Safira
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Mathematics

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Stage-Structured Predator Model with Prey Protection: Application to Rice Plants–Leptocorisa oratorius Rahmah, Safira; Savitri, Dian
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.40733

Abstract

This study investigates a stage-structured predator–prey model consisting of prey, juvenile predators, and adult predators. The prey population follows logistic growth, while predation is described using a Holling type I functional response. Prey protection is incorporated through a protection parameter (1-m), representing the proportion of prey that successfully avoid predation by reducing the predation rate of adult predators. The model is analyzed by determining equilibrium points and examining their existence and stability. The results show four equilibrium points: total population extinction, prey-only equilibrium, juvenile predator extinction, and coexistence equilibrium. Predator extinction occurs when predation efficiency and predator reproduction are insufficient to compensate for predator mortality, whereas coexistence occurs when predation and conversion rates exceed mortality thresholds. Numerical simulations support the analytical results and demonstrate that increasing prey protection reduces predation pressure and may lead to predator decline, while appropriate predation efficiency promotes stable coexistence. These findings highlight the ecological importance of prey defense mechanisms in predator–prey interactions, particularly in rice–Leptocorisa oratorius.
Co-Authors DIAN SAVITRI