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Stable Isotopes and Hydrochemistry Approach for Determining the Salinization Pattern of Shallow Groundwater in Alluvium Deposit Semarang, Central Java Satrio, Satrio; Prasetio, Rasi; Hadian, Muhamad Sapari Dwi; Syafri, Ildrem
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Geological Agency

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.1.1-10A groundwater study has been conducted in the Semarang City in August 2014, aiming to determine the source of shallow groundwater salinization using stable isotopes (18O, 2H) and water chemistry approach, and supported by local hydrogeological data. A number of shallow groundwater samples were taken at several locations with a depth of 0 - 35 m. Based on geological data, shallow groundwater of Semarang alluvium is dominated by insertion of sand-gravel and sandy-clay with average porosity of around 56.0 %. This layer is thinning towards the south and then increasingly thickening to the north and north-east of the studied area. The results of the analyses show that the characteristics of shallow groundwater, i.e. approximately 51% of groundwater, still have the original composition as meteoric water and the remaining approximately 49% obtained a shift in the isotopic composition as caused by interaction with seawater and the little influence of evaporation. The results of chemical analysis of water indicates that in dry seasons, shallow groundwater aquifers in the Semarang City is dominated by chloride (Cl-) with NaCl of water type. While the parameters of bicarbonate, chloride, and Na/Cl ratio, shallow groundwater can be classified into two groups, namely unintruded groundwater around 51% spread from the foot hills to the south towards the hills with elevations of 9 - 142 m above sea level and intruded groundwater around 49% spread from the coastline to the urban direction.

Study of Seawater Intrusion in Deep Aquifers of Semarang Coast Using Natural Isotopes and Hydrochemicals Wijatna, Agus Budi; Kayis, Muhammad; Satrio, Satrio; Pujiindiyati, Evarista Ristin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Agency

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.6.1.17-28Seawater intrusion in deep aquifers of Semarang Coast is important to be investigated, because Semarang is one of big cities in Indonesia. Besides its dense population, the growth of industries also increases rapidly with the increase of withdrawal of groundwater either from shallow or deep aquifers. Over-exploitation of groundwater can cause a decreasing groundwater quality due to seawater intrusion. Through this study, the salinization from seawater into the deep aquifer system can be observed. Groundwater samples were collected from deep aquifers with the depth around 40-120 m, and then the isotope contents of 18O and 2H as well as the hydrochemical were analyzed. The isotope and hydrochemical analysis results show that six of thirteen samples are of freshwater type. They are in S2, S5, S7, S8, S9, and S13 sites. While the others are supposed to be encroached by seawater. The slight encroached groundwater of S1, S6, and S10 had a fraction of seawater in the range of 0.15 to 0.26, whereas the moderate and high ones were of S3, S4, S11, and S12 which had seawater fraction between 0.25 and 0.34. Seemingly, salinization mechanism of groundwater by seawater does not depend on its distance from the shoreline and bore well depth. It is confirmed to the site of S5 and S7 located 680 m and 950 m from the shoreline, respectively, which were predominated as freshwater type. On the contrary, the groundwater of S10, S11, and S12 located at further sites about 5-6 km from shoreline is clearly indicated seawater intrusion.

Stable Isotopes and Hydrochemistry Approach for Determining the Salinization Pattern of Shallow Groundwater in Alluvium Deposit Semarang, Central Java Satrio, Satrio; Prasetio, Rasi; Hadian, Muhamad Sapari Dwi; Syafri, Ildrem
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.1.1-10

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.4.1.1-10A groundwater study has been conducted in the Semarang City in August 2014, aiming to determine the source of shallow groundwater salinization using stable isotopes (18O, 2H) and water chemistry approach, and supported by local hydrogeological data. A number of shallow groundwater samples were taken at several locations with a depth of 0 - 35 m. Based on geological data, shallow groundwater of Semarang alluvium is dominated by insertion of sand-gravel and sandy-clay with average porosity of around 56.0 %. This layer is thinning towards the south and then increasingly thickening to the north and north-east of the studied area. The results of the analyses show that the characteristics of shallow groundwater, i.e. approximately 51% of groundwater, still have the original composition as meteoric water and the remaining approximately 49% obtained a shift in the isotopic composition as caused by interaction with seawater and the little influence of evaporation. The results of chemical analysis of water indicates that in dry seasons, shallow groundwater aquifers in the Semarang City is dominated by chloride (Cl-) with NaCl of water type. While the parameters of bicarbonate, chloride, and Na/Cl ratio, shallow groundwater can be classified into two groups, namely unintruded groundwater around 51% spread from the foot hills to the south towards the hills with elevations of 9 - 142 m above sea level and intruded groundwater around 49% spread from the coastline to the urban direction.

Study of Seawater Intrusion in Deep Aquifers of Semarang Coast Using Natural Isotopes and Hydrochemicals Wijatna, Agus Budi; Kayis, Muhammad; Satrio, Satrio; Pujiindiyati, Evarista Ristin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.6.1.17-28

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.6.1.17-28Seawater intrusion in deep aquifers of Semarang Coast is important to be investigated, because Semarang is one of big cities in Indonesia. Besides its dense population, the growth of industries also increases rapidly with the increase of withdrawal of groundwater either from shallow or deep aquifers. Over-exploitation of groundwater can cause a decreasing groundwater quality due to seawater intrusion. Through this study, the salinization from seawater into the deep aquifer system can be observed. Groundwater samples were collected from deep aquifers with the depth around 40-120 m, and then the isotope contents of 18O and 2H as well as the hydrochemical were analyzed. The isotope and hydrochemical analysis results show that six of thirteen samples are of freshwater type. They are in S2, S5, S7, S8, S9, and S13 sites. While the others are supposed to be encroached by seawater. The slight encroached groundwater of S1, S6, and S10 had a fraction of seawater in the range of 0.15 to 0.26, whereas the moderate and high ones were of S3, S4, S11, and S12 which had seawater fraction between 0.25 and 0.34. Seemingly, salinization mechanism of groundwater by seawater does not depend on its distance from the shoreline and bore well depth. It is confirmed to the site of S5 and S7 located 680 m and 950 m from the shoreline, respectively, which were predominated as freshwater type. On the contrary, the groundwater of S10, S11, and S12 located at further sites about 5-6 km from shoreline is clearly indicated seawater intrusion.

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