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All Journal JDE (Journal of Developing Economies) Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Sosial
Juniati, Wike
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Determinants of Income Inequality Villages and Cities in Indonesia Juniati, Wike; Abdullah, Muhammad Latif; Wibowo, Muhammad Ghafur
Journal of Developing Economies Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jde.v7i2.33980

Abstract

The image of development in Indonesia is getting worse when development progress is felt by the upper class. The segmentation of the upper and lower levels of society is reflected in the gap between life in the village and the city. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of income inequality based on the classification of villages, cities, and between villages and cities in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is panel data regression which is an analytical technique that is observed over a certain period. The data used is annual secondary data from 2016-2020 in 34 provinces of Indonesia. Inequality analysis is carried out by calculating the Gini index based on household expenditure data. Economic growth, population, human development index, domestic investment, technology development index, and employment opportunities are independent variables. The results of this study found that there was a significant negative relationship the technology development index and positive relationship population in city and between village and city areas. Then the variable employment opportunity have a significant negative relationship to income inequality in the village.
Hybrid Legalities in Muslim Minority Societies: Examining Fapale in West Papua through Maqāṣid al-Sharīa Rohman, Baitur; Wahib, Moh; Juniati, Wike; Yusof, Nabilah Binti; Abdulghani, Naser Ali
Justicia Islamica Vol 23 No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v23i2.12108

Abstract

This study examines the Fapale tradition in Gamta Village, West Papua, through the lenses of uṣūl al-fiqh and maqāṣid al-sharīa, with particular attention to its implications for child care, lineage, and property relations. Drawing on qualitative data from six months of participant observation, interviews, and the analysis of customary practices alongside classical legal texts—particularly al-Juwaynī’s al-Burhān and al-Āmidī’s al-Iḥkām—this study finds that Fapale largely aligns with maqāṣid principles in the domain of child protection (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and lineage preservation (ḥifẓ al-nasl) at the level of identity and care. However, the findings also reveal a normative tension in the sphere of property distribution, where inter vivos gifts (hibah) from surrogate parents function socially as substitutes for inheritance, thereby creating potential conflicts with Islamic inheritance law (farāʾiḍ) and the maqṣad of ḥifẓ al-nasl in its material dimension. This ambivalence situates Fapale within a hybrid legal space in which Islamic norms, customary authority, and lived social practices intersect and occasionally conflict. Rather than affirming full normative conformity, this study argues that Fapale requires corrective legal mechanisms—such as regulated hibah or waṣiyyah—to ensure coherence with Islamic law, Indonesian positive law, and contemporary child protection standards. Conceptually, the study contributes to Islamic family law discourse by proposing al-Manẓūma al-Thulāthiyya as an analytical framework for understanding negotiated legality in Muslim minority contexts.
Co-Authors Abdulghani, Naser Ali Abdullah, Muhammad Latif Muhammad Ghafur Wibowo, Muhammad Ghafur Rohman, Baitur Wahib, Moh Yusof, Nabilah binti