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Foreign Direct Investments and Individual Income in Central Africa Ngouhouo, Ibrahim; el-Mawazini, Khaled
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012): January 2012
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This article employs a panel of double ordinary least squares to verify the sensitivity of income per capita to the influxof foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (EMCCA). Equally, it uses thegranger causality test based on the auto-regressive model, most especially the one recently developed by Toda and Yamamoto(1995) to establish the causality links between FDI and per capita income in the Economic and Monetary Community of CentralAfrica. Results obtained show that there exist a direct effect between FDI and income per capita in the entirety of EMCCA. Thegranger causality test shows contrarily that there is no link between FDI and income per capita in the EMCCA countries whereasthe Toda-Yamamoto finds a symmetric link among these variables in Equatorial Guinea, a unidirectional link of FDI towardsincome per capita in Congo, Gabon and Chad; and no link between the variables in the Republic of Central Africa andCameroon.
Performance of Intra-EU reforms in Central Africa: Empirical Verification Ngouhouo, Ibrahim; Mougnol, Alice Kos A
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012): January 2012
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of preferential reforms of the mid-1990 implemented in CEMAC zone on thedeterminants of intra-regional trade. Using a gravity equation, the study shows the influence of each variable under studiesduring the two sub-periods (before and after the reforms that is 1984 -1993 and 1994 – 2003) on the intra-regional trade. Using agravity equation, the study shows the influence of each variable under studies during the two sub-periods on the intra-regionaltrade. The results show that the populations (both home and away), cultural linkages and the proximities were directly related tointra-regional trade after the reforms than before. At the same time, the transactions and transport costs were negatively relatedto the intra-regional trade, mostly after the implementation of reforms.
Multidimensional Determinants of foreign Direct Investment in Central Africa: A Modified Gravity GMM Panel Approach Ngouhouo, Ibrahim
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This research's objective is to highlight the multidimensional determinants of FDI in Central Africa countries, especially in theEconomic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (EMCCA). To do this, a modified and adapted gravity model isconstructed and tested by the GMM method. The main result shows that natural resources are by far the most significantdeterminant of FDI in the EMCCA. Market size (population and gross domestic product) may also play a role in attracting FDIin addition to natural resources and infrastructure. However, we find that economic openness remains to be perfect to attractforeign investors.
Analyzing the Determinants of Export Trade in Cameroon (1970 – 2008) Ngouhouo, Ibrahim; Makolle, Alex Audrin
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This research analyses empirically the determinants of export trade in Cameroon from 1970 to 2008. We use the two StageLeast Square to show that exchange rate, trade openness and export lag one period are the main determinants of export inCameroon. This result, although common in most Developing Countries are in contradiction with former studies, mostlybecause the foreign direct Investment was found to be not significant in determining the export in this Country.