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All Journal Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Alam, Arif
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Factors Influencing Farmers’ Participation in Participatory Irrigation Management: A Comparative Study of two Irrigation Systems in Northern Areas of Pakistan Alam, Arif; Kobayashi, Hajime; Matsumura, Ichizen; Esham, Mohamed; Siddighi, Faridullah; Siddighi, Balde Boubacar
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand how level of satisfaction with improved (IIS) and traditional irrigation systems(TIS) influences the level of participation in participatory irrigation management (PIM). Data was collected from 78 farmers selected bysystematic random sampling technique from two villages (Sultanabad and Parri) belonging to the IIS and TIS from Gilgit district in Gilgit-Batistan northern region of Pakistan. The descriptive analysis shows that four important variables such as adequacy of irrigation water,water availability on fixed turns and condition of present irrigation systems are main factors influencing satisfaction in IIS. However, levelof participation except at the main channel is not significantly different between the two systems. The indices of participation in the mainand field channels in the IIS are positive, while in the TIS these indices are negative which implies that the level of participation by theTIS farmers is low. Finally, by using regression analysis it is statistically confirmed that farmers’ satisfaction, family size, family labour,agricultural income and status of the irrigation system are significant factors influencing farmers` participation in PIM. Moreover, farmertraining and guidance provided to the IIS farmers by the NPIW through the WUAs also contribute to enhance the IIS farmers`participation in PIM. Therefore, strengthening of the institutional arrangements in both systems can enhance farmers` participation inPIM in Northern Areas of Pakistan.
Dynamics of education policy formulation after the 18th amendment in Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Ahmad, Zaheer; Shah, Ikram; Alam, Arif; Khan, Humayun
Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): (August 2025)
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/ojip.v15i2.18174

Abstract

The 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan has authorized provinces, including Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), to formulated autonomous education policies. This authority includes determining the direction and strategy of the education system for future goals such as literacy rates, gender equality, and quality education. However, after 14 years of implementing this decentralization, KPK's progress in educational policy autonomy has been inadequate. This study evaluates the performance of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province in formulating its own educational policies in the context of the post-18th Constitutional Amendment era. This research is based on semi-structured interviews conducted with key stakeholders in the province. The study also found that as a small province, KPK faces various challenges, such as a shortage of experts in education policy formulation, limited financial and human resources, political interference, an unbalanced federal system, and a lack of extensive consultation with stakeholders. These variables act as barriers to the province's progress in all aspects of formal education, despite the decentralization of school education through the 18th Amendment in 2010. This study recommends the need to enhance the institutional capacity of the KPK Province in formulating education policies in accordance with the objectives of the 18th Amendment.  
Co-Authors Ahmad, Zaheer Esham, Mohamed Khan, Humayun Kobayashi, Hajime Matsumura, Ichizen Shah, Ikram Siddighi, Balde Boubacar Siddighi, Faridullah