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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri
Retno Gumilang Dewi
Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri Institut Teknologi Bandung
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Environmental Science

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Methodology for the synthesis of environmentally compliant chemical process system, case study: the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils Retno Gumilang Dewi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2004.3.2.7

Abstract

Among of the basic processes in a chemical process system, chemical reaction is the first stage and is considered as the most important step of a chemical process design undertaking as it determines the design of subsequent processes. Thereby, the design of 'environmentally compliant' chemical process system hinges on how the chemical reaction is synthesized and environmental consideration is integrated into the design processes of chemical process system that is minimal in the generation of spent resources, efficient in the use of raw materials, and prioritize the use of renewable resources. An attempt was carried out to formulate a methodology by which a preliminary screening can be made to come up with a set of chemical reaction paths. Based on these selected reaction paths, the optimization process is then carried out to maximize the economic performance of the. reaction system using environmental compliances as optimization constraint. The optimal reaction path will lead to the formulation of various species allocation schemes in the reaction system. Most feasible reaction paths are screened from species allocation alternative schemes. The best scheme is selected based on some parameters, namely (i) the efficiency of raw material utilization per unit product, (ii) economic potential regarding the gross profit margin, and (iii) environmental aspects concerning the pollution potential from the production system. A computer program 'Hysis' is used in this study to evaluate these parameters.Key Words : Reaction Path Synthesis, Renewable-based Processes, Environmentally Compliant, Chemical Process DesignAbstrakDi antara proses-proses dasar dalam suatu sistem proses kimia,proses reaksi kimia merupakan tahap utama yang paling  penting dan menjadi penentu di dalam perancangan proses kimia. Dengan demikian, perancangan sistem proses kimia yang 'memenuhi persyaratan lingkungan' tergantung bagaimana proses reaksi  kimia  disintesakan  dan  pertimbangan  lingkungan diintegrasikan ke dalam perancangan sistem yang minimal dalam pembentukan limbah, efisien dalam penggunaan bahan baku, dan mengutamakan penggunaan sumber daya yang terbarukan. Suatu upaya telah dilakukan untuk memformulasikan sebuah metodologi di mana penseleksian awal dapat dibuat untuk memunculkan satu kelompok rute-rute reaksi. Berdasarkan rute-rute reaksi ini, optimisasi dilakukan untuk memaksimalkan potensi ekonomi dari sistem proses kimia yang dibentuk berdasarkan rute-rute reaksi yang dipilih pada penseleksian awal dengan menggunakan  pemenuhan  persyaratan lingkungan sebagai batasan-batasan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan optimisasi. Rute reaksi yang optimal ini akan berperan di dalam pembentukan berbagai macam pola pengalokasian komponen bahan ('species allocation'). Pola pengalokasian komponen bahan yang terbaik, dipilih berdasarkan sekumpulan parameter yang terdiri ataspertimbangan-pertimbangan teknis, ekonomis, dan lingkungan. Program 'Hysis' digunakan pada penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi parameter­ parameter  tersebut.Kata Kunci : Sintesa Rute Reaksi, Proses-proses Terbarukan, Memenuhi Persyaratan Lingkungan, Desain Proses Kimia
Simulasi aliran fluida pada proses enhanced coalbed methane Mohammad Resalto Pradewa; Retno Gumilang Dewi; Ucok W.R. Siagian
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 10, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2011.10.3.7

Abstract

Fluid flow simulation on enhanched coalbed methane systemThe Enhanced Coalbed Methane (ECBM) process can be applied as a carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology for the mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions, by transferring CO2 emitted by stationary sources into ECBM field reservoirs. This CCS-ECBM integration is a novel technology that is aimed at reducing CO2 emission while simultaneously improving the energy supply security in Indonesia. This research studies the fluid flow in fractures/cleats in CBM reservoirs, which is a laminar flow under pressure gradient in accordance to Darcy's law. The objective of this research is to understand the mechanism of the integration between CCS and ECBM process via computer simulations. Gas components considered in the simulation include CH4 and CO2. Fluid flow variables in this research are permeability (k), porosity (ϕ), and gas saturation (S). Simulations are done using the FlexPDE version 5 software package. Simulation results indicate that all three variables influence the fluid flow mechanism in fractures/cleats during the injection of CO2 in ECBM process. Simulations which are run for 100 days predict that methane recovery is inversely proportional to porosity, with a recovery of 97.88% at a porosity of 0.017, and 37.16% at a porosity of 0.63.Keywords: greenhouse gases, CCS, ECBM, fractures, cleats Abstrak Proses Enhanced Coalbed Methane (ECBM) dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu teknologi penangkapan dan penyimpanan karbon (Carbon Capture and Storage atau CCS) untuk mitigasi emisi gas rumah kaca, dengan cara menyalurkan CO2 dari sumber emisi stasioner ke dalam reservoir lapangan ECBM. Integrasi CCS-ECBM ini merupakan teknologi baru yang diharapkan mampu mengurangi emisi CO2 sekaligus meningkatkan ketahanan pasokan energi Indonesia. Penelitian ini mempelajari aliran fluida pada retakan (fractures/cleats) di dalam reservoir CBM yang merupakan aliran laminer di bawah gradien tekanan yang mengikuti hukum Darcy. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami mekanisme integrasi CCS dengan proses ECBM melalui pendekatan simulasi komputer. Senyawa-senyawa yang ditinjau adalah CH4 dan CO2. Variabel-variabel aliran yang diperhitungkan dalam model mencakup permeabilitas (k), porositas (ϕ), dan saturasi gas (S). Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak FlexPDE versi 5. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme aliran dalam retakan dengan injeksi CO2 pada proses ECBM dipengaruhi oleh ketiga variabel yang ditinjau. Simulasi yang dijalankan selama 100 hari menunjukkan bahwa perolehan metana berbanding terbalik secara linier terhadap porositas, dengan perolehan sebesar 97,88% pada porositas 0,017 dan 37,16% pada porositas 0,63.Kata kunci: gas rumah kaca, CCS, ECBM, retakan, cleats
Simulasi difusi dan adsorpsi matriks pada proses enhanced coalbed methane Ade Nurisman; Retno Gumilang Dewi; Ucok W.R. Siagian
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 11, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2013.12.1.1

Abstract

Diffusion and matrix adsorption simulations in enhanced coalbed methane process. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be considered as one of climate change mitigation efforts, through capturing and injecting of CO2 in underground formations for reducing CO2 emissions. CO2 injection in coalbed methane (CBM) reservoir has potentially attracted for reducing CO2 emissions and enhancing coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery. Diffusion and sorption are phenomenon of gas in the matrix on CO2 injection in CBM reservoir. The objectives of the research are focused on understanding of diffusion and sorption of gas in the coal matrix with mathematical model and estimating of CO2 storage in coalbed and CH4 recovery. In this research, mathematical model is developed to describe the mechanism in the matrix on ECBM process. Mathematical model, which have been valid, is simulated in various variables, i.e. macroprosity (0.001, 0.005, and 0,01), pressure (1, 3, and 6 MPa), temperature (305, 423, and 573 K), and initial fraction of CO2 (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5). The results of this research show that preferential sequestration of CO2 and preferential recovery of CH4 in the surface of micropore on macroporosity 0.001, pressure 1 MPa, temperature 305 K, and inital fraction CO2 0,5 conditions are 0.9936 and 0.0064.Keywords: carbon capture and storage (CCS), coalbed methane (CBM), ECBM, diffusion, adsorption Abstrak Carbon capture and storage (CCS) dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim, yaitu dengan menangkap CO2 dan menginjeksikannya ke dalam formasi bawah permukaan. Injeksi CO2 pada lapangan coalbed methane (CBM) berpotensi mengurangi emisi CO2 dan meningkatkan produksi CBM (ECBM). Pada proses injeksi CO2 di lapangan CBM, fenomena yang terjadi di dalam matriks lapisan batubara (coalbed) adalah difusi dan adsorpsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami fenomena difusi dan adsorpsi pada proses injeksi CO2 untuk ECBM melalui model matematika, dan memperkirakan potensi penyimpanan CO2 di dalam lapangan CBM dan potensi recovery CH4. Pada penelitian dilakukan pengembangan model matematika untuk menjelaskan fenomena di dalam matriks pada proses ECBM. Model matematika, yang telah valid, disimulasikan dengan memvariasikan beberapa variabel, yaitu makroporositas (0,001, 0,005, dan 0,01), tekanan (1, 3, dan 6 MPa), suhu (305, 423, dan 573 K), dan fraksi CO2 awal (0,05, 0,1, 0,3, dan 0,5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada makroporositas 0,001, tekanan 1 Pa, suhu 305 K, dan fraksi CO2 awal 0,5, fraksi CO2 yang teradsorpsi pada permukaan mikropori bernilai 0,9936 dan sisa fraksi CH4 yang teradsorpsi pada permukaan mikropori bernilai 0,0064. Kata kunci: carbon capture and storage (CCS), coalbed methane (CBM), ECBM, difusi, adsorpsi
Selecting Indonesia’s Iron and Steel Industry Mitigation Pathways Based on AIM/End-use Assessment Dewi, Retno Gumilang; Zunita, Megawati; Sevie, Gissa Navira; Kifnasih, Nirma Afrisanti; Syaftika, Novi
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024): May
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21771/jrtppi.2024.v15.no1.p21-32

Abstract

The measurement of mitigation pathways is important for Indonesia’s iron and steel industry in terms of reducing GHG emissions. This study conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the economic impacts with associated emission reduction potential of different mitigation strategies by developing an Abatement Cost Curve (ACC) that selects the mitigation option based on the logic of the AIM/End-use model up to 2050. The model was established through the baseline scenario, and the following appropriate mitigation options: adjusting the production structure (CM1), increasing energy efficiency by promoting low carbon technology and non-blast furnace technology that is un-implemented early in modeling years in Indonesia will be included for future reference (CM2), and switching from fossil fuels to low emission fuels (CM3). Results show that the selected technology roadmap from the abatement cost curve below carbon tax 110 US$/tCO2e in 2050 could lead to the most optimal emission reduction of 19.8 MtCO2e, 50.2 MtCO2e, 54.84 MtCO2e with investment costs 93.55 million US$, 1086 million US$, and 1183 million US$ in the scenarios CM1, CM2, and CM3, respectively. The effectiveness of each mitigation action reveals that energy savings and emission reduction from energy will rely mostly on promoting low-carbon technologies. The most effective strategy to reduce emissions from IPPU is to adjust the production structure.
Co-Authors Ade Nurisman Kifnasih, Nirma Afrisanti Mohammad Resalto Pradewa Sevie, Gissa Navira Syaftika, Novi Ucok W.R. Siagian Ucok W.R. Siagian Zunita, Megawati