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Religiosity in the Midst of the Wage System and the Fading of Ti'ayo in Gorontalo Tradition Arfan Nusi; Fahimah M. Mooduto; Donald Q. Tungkagi
Jurnal Theologia Vol 31, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2020.31.2.6829

People are very thick with the religious practices which combine religion and culture in Gorontalo. One of the religious spirits in the tradition is ti'ayo (community self-help). It is a farmer comes to everyone. It offers requests for helping others in the context of working together without wages in their garden. This cycle always occurs between one farmer and other farmers for decades. In addition, cultivating the values of togetherness among farmers. Economically, ti'ayo tradition also reduces the cost of cultivating gardens. The source of the research was obtained from qualitative anthropological research. The data were obtained using observation techniques and in-depth interviews. The aim is to see wage practices amid the fading ti'ayo tradition in the society of Gorontalo. The result is people's religiosity is slowly getting weaker. It is indicated since ti'ayo tradition replaced with a wage system. It also usually strengthens relationships and harmony among people and maintains brotherhood. However, this tradition has not survived until now; it seems that the community is living individually, between one farmer and others as if they have lost their sensitivity. The effect is the difficulty of the farmers in maintaining its life amid the onslaught of the wage system. The economic constraints of farmers are increasingly complex, including the borrowing capital from creditors with guarantees of garden or rice fields, instead of getting benefits from the harvest; precisely, they have to pay for the debts.

BAKU TOLONG, TORANG SAMUA BASUDARA: MODAL SOSIAL DAN TITIK TEMU DALAM MENGELOLA KERAGAMAN ETNORELIGIUS DI WILAYAH TRANSMIGRASI DUMOGA, SULAWESI UTARA Donald Tungkagi; Muhammad Adlin Sila
Harmoni Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Januari-Juni 2022
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Guidance for Religious Societies and Religious Services, the Research and Development and Education and Training Agency of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (MORA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32488/harmoni.v21i1.608

This paper present with a new perspective in understanding the management of ethnic and religious (ethnoreligious) diversity in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to explore the management of ethnic and religious diversity between the Mongondownese-Muslim, Minahasanese-Christian community and the Balinese-Hindu community in the transmigration area, Dumoga, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi Province. This research is important because it can enrich previous studies on the dynamics of relations between communities of different ethnicities and religions, especially in reframing efforts to create harmony in the life of the nation, religion, and society. Qualitative methods with a sociological-anthropological approach, as well as in-depth observations and interviews were used as the main instrument to obtain data. The findings of this study indicate that social capital is an important keyword in building religious harmony in the Dumoga area. The social capital in question is Baku Tolong and the jargon of Torang Samua Basudara. This social capital has become a meeting point between different ethnoreligious communities in the Dumoga area for a long time which has been functional in an effort to care for and maintain religious harmony.

Varian Islam Nusantara: Jawa, Minangkabau dan Gorontalo Donald Qomaidiansyah Tungkagi
Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan Vol 15 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage, Agency for Research and Development and Training, Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia

This article discusses how the encounter of Islam and culture in Indonesia, and how Islam on one hand affects culture and on the other hand it is influenced by culture. The encounter between Islam and local culture has formed a new habitat that is later called the Islamic Nusantara tradition. The findings in this article prove that the interaction of Islam with local culture occurs in a socio-historical context influenced by the pattern of the spread of Islam in the archipelago. By using the theory of Taufik Abdullah in this article the author compares the three variants of Islamic Nusantara with the pattern and uniqueness of each form: a) Javanese variant, there is a process of acculturation between Islam and culture which are equally strong. The Javanese Islamic variant describes the result of a reconciliation process between identity, belief and the style of Javanese and Islam as "Mystic Synthesis". B) Minangkabau variant, born from "Negotiation of Islam and Adat" as a very thick area of Islamic and customary nuances make the dimensions in Islamic variants in Minangkabau cannot be separated from the conflict between the two parties who gave the role. C) Gorontalo variant, with different Islamization process with other kingdoms in the Nusantara in general. Since the early period of Islamic encounter with Gorontalo culture, there has been more tangible "Integration between Islam and Adat". Keywords: Java, Minangkabau, Gorontalo, Islam NusantaraArtikel ini mendiskusikan bagaimana perjumpaan Islam dan budaya di Indonesia, dan bagaimana Islam pada satu sisi berpengaruh terhadap budaya dan di sisi lain dipengaruhi oleh budaya. Perjumpaan antara Islam dan budaya lokal telah membentuk habitat baru yang belakangan disebut tradisi Islam Nusantara. Temuan dalam artikel ini membuktikan bahwa interaksi Islam dengan budaya lokal terjadi dalam konteks sosio-historis yang dipengaruhi pola penyebaran Islam di kawasan Nusantara. Dengan menggunakan teori Taufik Abdullah dalam artikel ini penulis membandingkan tiga varian Islam Nusantara dengan corak dan keunikannya masing-masing diantaranya: a) Varian Jawa, terjadi proses akulturasi antara Islam dan budaya yang sama-sama kuat. Varian Islam Jawa menggambarkan hasil proses rekonsiliasi antara identitas, keyakinan serta gaya Jawa dan Islam ini dengan sebutan “Sintesis Mistik”. b) Varian Minangkabau, lahir dari “Negosiasi Islam dan Adat” sebagai wilayah yang sangat kental nuansa Islam dan adat membuat warna dalam varian Islam di Minangkabau tidak lepas dari dari konflik antara dua pihak yang memberi peranan tersebut. c) Pola Gorontalo, dengan proses Islamisasi yang berbeda dengan kerajaan-kerajaan di Nusantara pada umumnya. Sejak periode awal perjumpaan Islam dengan budaya Gorontalo lebih berwujud “Integrasi antara Islam dan Adat”.Kata kunci: Jawa, Minangkabau, Gorontalo, , Islam Nusantara

Islam di Bolaang Mongondow Utara, Sulawesi Utara: Dinamika Islamisasi di Kerajaan Kaidipang Besar dan Bintauna Abad ke-7-19 M Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiansyah
Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan Vol 17 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan Vol. 17 No. 2 Tahun 2019
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage, Agency for Research and Development and Training, Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia

The position of North Bolaang Mongondow is very strategic for trade routes as a former coastal kingdom region. Even this area is included in the spice routes to Maluku as the center of the Islamic kingdom in the eastern archipelago. The dynamics of Islamization in North Bolaang Mongondow occur through various channels of Islamization, the most striking is the influence of the trade route in the Sulawesi Sea region and its relations with the tetanga kingdoms, especially the Sultanate of Ternate. Unlike other regions, Catholicism became the religion of the kings in the North Bolaang Mongondow region before the entry of Islam. The important dynamics of Islamization in North Bolaang Mongondow are: in the beginning Islamization in the North Bolaang Mongondow region was bottom up, and from the 17th to the 19th centuries it was strucÂtured in the bureaucracy of the royal government (top down). This paper is a historical writing, using the historical method; heuristics, criÂticisms, interpretations, and historiography that are qualitative-analysis and are able to show a series of Islamization processes that took place in North Bolaang Mongondow in the 17th century to the 19th century. The results of this study indicate that the influence of Islam begins with the trade netÂwork in the Sulawesi Sea region, for traders who connect to Maluku as a pattern of Islamization. This network has an impact on social change in North Bolaang Mongondow which occurred in the 17th century until the 19th century since the first time Islamâ€™s encounter with the kingdoms in the northern coast of the Sulawesi Sea peninsula was tracked.Keywords: Islamization, Sulawesi Sea, Kaidipang Besar, Bintauna, North Bolaang MongondowÂ Sebagai wilayah bekas kerajaan pesisir, posisi Bolaang Mongondow Utara sangat strategis untuk rute perdagangan. Bahkan wilayah ini terÂmasuk dalam jalur rempah-rempah (spice routes) menuju Maluku sebagai pusat kerajaan Islam di bagian timur Nusantara. Dinamika Islamisasi di Bolaang Mongondow Utara terjadi melalui berbagai saluran Islamisasi, yang paling mencolok adalah pengaruh jalur niaga di kawasan Laut Sulawesi dan serta hubungan dengan kerajaan-kerajaan tetanga, terutama Kesultanan Ternate. Berbeda dengan daerah lain, agama Katolik menjadi agama raja-raja di wilayah Bolaang Mongondow Utara sebelum masukÂnya Islam. Dinamika Islamisasi di Bolaang Mongondow Utara yang penÂting dicatat diantaranya: pada mulanya Islamisasi di wilayah Bolaang Mongondow Utara melalui jalur bawah (bottom up), dan sejak abad ke-17 hingga abad ke-19 terstruktur dalam birokrasi pemerintahan kerajaan (top down). Tulisan ini merupakan tulisan sejarah, dengan menggunakan metode sejarah; heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi yang bersifat anaÂlisis-kualitatif dan mampu menunjukkan satu rangkaian proses Islamisasi yang terjadi di Bolaang Mongondow Utara abad ke-17 hingga abad ke-19. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Islam diawali dari jaringan perdagangan di kawasan Laut Sulawesi, bagi pedagang yang menghuÂbungÂkan ke Maluku sebagai satu pola Islamisasi. Jaringan ini memberi dampak terhadap perubahan sosial di Bolaang Mongondow Utara yang terjadi pada abad ke-17-19 M.Kata kunci: Islamisasi, Laut Sulawesi, Kaidipang Besar, Bintauna, Bolaang Mongondow UtaraÂ

Pudarnya Peran Otoritas Keagamaan Lokal: Studi Atas Buatulo Syara’a di Provinsi Gorontalo Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiasyah
Jurnal Pendidikan, Kebudayaan dan Keislaman Vol 3 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Service (LP2M) of Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN Pontianak)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jpkk.v3i1.2421

Otoritas keagamaan, baik yang berbentuk individu maupun lembaga, sangat besar pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku umat beragama. Penelitian ini membahas peran Buatulo Syara’a sebagai lembaga pemegang otoritas keagamaan lokal dalam kehidupan umat Islam di Provinsi Gorontalo. Buatulo Syara’a dipimpin oleh seorang Kadli (Qadi'), dan merupakan salah satu dari tiga lembaga dalam sistem pemerintahan adat Gorontalo yang disebut Buatulo Toulongo. Dua lembaga lainnya; Buatulo Bubato (lembaga pemerintah), dan Buatulo Bate (lembaga adat). Metode penelitian ini kualitatif-deskriptif berbasis penelitian lapangan, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif dan wawancara mendalam. Menggunakan perspektif tiga varian otoritas Weber, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa memudarnya peran Buatulo Syara’a sebagai lembaga otoritas keagamaan lokal di Gorontalo dijumpai pada ranah otoritas tradisional dan otoritas kharismatik. Pada otoritas tradisional, Buatulo Syara’a tergeser oleh peran otoritas keagamaan baru seperti ormas keagamaan dan kemunculan internet sebagai wadah pencarian pengetahuan, dan distribusi nilai-nilai keagamaan yang tidak hanya bertumpu pada otoritas tertentu. Di ranah otoritas kharismatik, cukup banyak masyarakat Gorontalo yang tidak lagi mengenal peran Buatulo Syara’a. Keberadaan Buatulo Syara’a yang mulai memudar dalam nalar sosial-budaya masyarakat Gorontalo secara tidak langsung berakibat pada memudarnya peran Buatulo Syara’a sebagai lembaga otoritas keagamaan. Ranah otoritas legal-rasional menjadi satu-satunya yang membuat keberadaan Buatulo Syara’a masih bertahan. Legitimasi keberadaan Buatulo Syara’a sebatas karena diangkat dan mendapat SK dari pemimpin daerah dalam hal ini walikota dan bupati. Buatulo Syara’a kemudian beraktifitas di masjid-masjid miliki pemerintah, seperti Masjid Agung untuk tingkat Kabupaten/Kota, Masjid Besar untuk tingkat kecamatan, dan Masjid Jami’ untuk tingkat kelurahan dan desa. Religious authority, whether in the form of individuals or institutions, has a huge influence on the behavior of religious communities. This research discusses the role of Buatulo Syara’a as an institution holding local religious authority in the lives of Muslims in Gorontalo Province. Buatulo Syara’a is led by a Kadli (Qadi’), and is one of three institutions in the Gorontalo traditional government system called Buatulo Toulongo. The other two institutions; Buatulo Bubato (government institution), and Buatulo Bate (customary institution). The research method is qualitative-descriptive field research-based, data collected through participatory observation and in-depth interviews. Using Weber's three variants of authority perspective, this study found that the waning role of Buatulo Syara’a as a local religious authority institution in Gorontalo is found in the realm of traditional authority and charismatic authority. In the traditional authority, Buatulo Syara’a has been displaced by the role of new religious authorities such as religious mass organizations and the emergence of the internet as a forum for knowledge search and distribution of religious values that do not only rely on certain authorities. In the realm of charismatic authority, quite a lot of Gorontalo people no longer recognize the role of Buatulo Syara’a. The existence of Buatulo Syara’a which began to fade in the socio-cultural reasoning of Gorontalo people indirectly resulted in the fading role of Buatulo Syara’a as an institution of religious authority. The realm of legal-rational authority is the only thing that makes the existence of Buatulo Syara’a still survive. The legitimacy of the existence of Buatulo Syara’a is limited to being appointed and receiving a decree from the regional leader, in this case the mayor and regent. Buatulo Syara’a is then active in government-owned mosques, such as the Masjid Agung at the regency/city level, the Masjid Besar at the sub-district level, and the Masjid Jami’ at the village level.

Rekognisi Moderasi Beragama terhadap Penganut Kepercayaan di Indonesia Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiasyah
Moderasi: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Tadris Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (TIPS) UIN Datokarama Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/moderasi.Vol4.Iss2.140

This article wants to answer the question, is it possible for religious moderation to accommodate believers? This stems from the fact that believers in Indonesia are still often discriminated against in social life. Various programs and policies have been attempted, but this phenomenon continues as if it is endless. On the other hand, religious moderation as a state policy is challenged to be a solution to the problem. Using a library research method, reinforced by Otto Scharmer's Iceberg Analysis and U-Process (Unity in Diversity), this research tries to explore the layers that influence the phenomenon of discrimination against believers. In the first stage, the sociological divide will explore patterns & trends that include attitudes, behaviors, and habits that can be seen. The structure divide will explore the causal structures including traditions, culture, regulations, policies, government systems, etc. The spiritual-psychological divide will explore mental models that include paradigms, perspectives, and mindsets. The second stage starts with rethinking the mental model by changing the paradigm, followed by redesigning policies, structures, etc. The contribution of this research is to explore the root causes of the phenemona (event) of discrimination against believers, and to offer new action solutions (reacting) based on these issues to overcome the problem of intolerance and discrimination against belief groups in society.

Polemik Tradisi Menabuh Golomang dalam Ritual Pemakaman Pada Masyarakat Muslim Bolaang Mongondow Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiasyah; Mokodongan, Tasya Aziza
PUSAKA Vol 10 No 2 (2022): Pusaka Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/pusaka.v10i2.863

Penelitian ini membahas tradisi menabuh golomang dalam ritual pemakaman masyarakat muslim di Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya polemik terhadap keberadaan musik tradisional golomang dalam ritual pemakaman masyarakat muslim Bolaang Mongondow. Terdapat tiga faktor yang mendasari munculnya polemik dalam masyarakat: pertama, masih kuatnya persepsi masyarakat yang memandang penggunaan musik golomang hanya dapat dilaksanakan oleh keturunan bangsawan; kedua, terjadi kontestasi tradisi di dalam masyarakat yang memandang penggunaan musik dalam ritual pemakaman tidak selaras dengan ajaran Islam; ketiga, terdapat pandangan masyarakat yang menganggap alat musik umumnya digunakan sebagai media hiburan dan senangsenang semata, sehingga penggunaan musik golomang dalam ritual pemakaman dianggap tidak menghormati pihak yang berduka. Meskipun keberadaan musik dalam ritual pemakaman masih terjadi pro dan kontra, namun fakta menunjukkan tradisi ini terus-menerus bertumbuh, bahkan mengalami proses adaptasi dan pencarian makna baru. Pementasan musik golomang tidak lagi sebatas dalam ritual pemakaman, namun dipentaskan juga dan perkawinan, dan kesenian pertunjukkan khalayak.

Negotiating Islamic Moderation: The Interplay of Sharia and Local Culture in Gorontalo, Minangkabau, and Banten Suleman, Zulfitri Zulkarnain; Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiasyah; Suleman, Zulkarnain; Kau, Sofyan A.P.; Salleh, Mohd Afandi
Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah Vol 23, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/jis.v23i1.3527

Muslim scholars and local communities have actively negotiated the Islamization process in Indonesia through complex engagements with Islamic law (sharia) and local cultural traditions. This study examines how such interactions have shaped distinct constructions of Islamic moderation in three culturally significant regions: Gorontalo, Minangkabau, and Banten. Employing a qualitative, field-based approach, the research utilizes in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis to explore the integration of sharia and adat (customary law). The findings reveal three typological models of Islamic moderation: (1) an integrative model in Gorontalo, where royal diplomacy and political marriage internalized Islamic law within the framework of customary governance; (2) a negotiation model in Minangkabau, emerging from post-conflict reconciliation between ulama and customary leaders, institutionalized through the philosophy of Adat basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah; and (3) a hegemonic model in Banten, characterized by the dominance of Islamic law over local traditions, embedded within the centralized religious authority and state power. These findings suggest that Islamic moderation in Indonesia is not a singular concept but the product of historically and contextually embedded legal-cultural dynamics. The study concludes that Islamic moderation is a localized negotiation among legal norms, cultural practices, and power structures. Its academic contribution advances the understanding of legal pluralism in Muslim societies while offering policy-relevant insights for promoting religious tolerance and cultural inclusivity in Indonesia.

MAPPADDEKKO: PENGUATAN SOLIDARITAS BERBASIS TRADISI BAGI PETANI DI DESA KALEBAREMBENG KABUPATEN GOWA Rahman, Abdul; Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiansyah
Social Landscape Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2024): November
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56680/slj.v5i3.66537

The people of Kalebaremeng Village are people who remain firm in maintaining traditions amidst the development of modern life. One tradition that has survived to this day is mappaddekko. This article aims to elaborate on the function of mappaddekko, especially when it is related to efforts to strengthen solidarity. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. Data was collected by means of observation and interviews. Observations were made by looking at the implementation of mappadekko, starting from the preparatory stage to the end of implementation. The results of these observations were then strengthened by conducting interviews with the community, traditional leaders, and the village government. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by utilizing relevant theories and research results. The results of the study show that mappaddekko among the people of Kalebaremeng Village, which has an agrarian pattern, is still being implemented today because it functions as an arena to strengthen social relations and strengthen bonds of solidarity regardless of social status. This tradition is carried out on the basis of a mutual agreement, in which there are no exploiting or exploited parties in its implementation.

RITUAL BERCOCOK TANAM MASYARAKAT PETANI DI DESA DUAMPANUAE KECAMATAN BULUPODDO KABUPATEN SINJAI Hasjulianti, Wiwi; Rahman, Abdul; Tungkagi, Donald Qomaidiansyah
ALLIRI Journal of Anthropology Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Volume 6 No.1 Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang Ritual Bercocok Tanam Masyarakat Petani di Desa Duanmpuanuae Kecamatan Bulupoddo Kabupaten Sinjai.penelitian ini bertujuan: 1.)Untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pelaksanaan ritual sebelum bercocok tanam di desa Duampanuae 2.)Untuk mengetahui apa fungsi dan makna ritual bercocok tanam. 3.)Untuk mengetahui bagaiamana proses pewarisan ritual bercocok tanam dari generasi ke generasi selanjutnya. Penelitian Ini mengunakan metode Penelitian Kualitatif Deskriptif. Dengan proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara Observasi, Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1.Proses pelaksana ritual sebelum beercocok tanam di Desa Duampanuae yang biasanya di sebut Ritual Massalama sapi, merupakan proses awal sebelum turun kesawah. Yang dilakukan selama 2 hari, yaitu hari pertama persiapan sesajen yang akan di gunakan dan hari kedua puncak acara yaitu ritual massalama sapi oleh sanro hanua 2. fungsi dan makna ritual bercocok tanam bagi masyarakat, ritual ini bermakna sebagai menghargai dan menghormati peninggalan nenek moyang mereka dan sebagai rasa syukur terhadap pencipta alam semesta dengan nikmat dan keselamatan yang diberikan selama melakukan ritual tersebut hingga selesai. Ritual ini berfungsi pula sebagai perwujudan budaya yang menghubungakan manusia dengan manusia lain, hubungannya dengan pencipta dan juga hubungan dengan lingkungan. 3.Peroses pewarisan bercocok tanam dari generasi kegenerasi selanjutnya, yaitu belajar kebudayaan merupakan suatu proses pewarisan yang berlangsung sepanjang kehidupan manusia. suatu budaya dapat terus berjalan karena adanya upaya pewarisan budaya bagi generasi baru yaitu, dengan mengenalka, melihat dan ikut serta terlibat dalam tradisi atau ritual tersebut dapat memberikan pengetahuan terhadap genarasi baru.

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