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Politics of Difference: Ethnicity and Social Class Within The Indonesian Middle Class in Digital Era Thung Ju Lan
Antropologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 1 (2020): Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

Today the issue of ethnicity is considered ‘weaker’ compared to religious issues, particularly after the 2017 Jakarta Governor Election which was followed by the emergence of the so-called 212 Movement. Nevertheless, the fact shows that it’s as strong as ever. The issue of socio-economic gap between ethnic groups is complicated by digital divide between those with access to social media and those without. Information and opinion are mostly constructed by surveys conducted among those with access to internet or social media. As such, group differences are not marked by poverty per se like the previous era. Politics of difference has been dictated by new type of ethnicity, namely class-based ethnicity. In this article I would like to discuss this topic within the context of the changing Indonesian middle class and their approach to religiosity as a defining trait of their identity.
Rethinking the Politics of Difference in Indonesia Thung Ju Lan
Antropologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 1 (2020): Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

Whilst Indonesia was founded on the principle of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, the politics of difference has not prevailed as the governing principle in law, society and polity. Instead, domination of the powerful has claimed of assuming the right to govern. During the Suharto’s New Order, the military dictatorship dominated Indonesia for more than three decades with complete impunity whereas in the post‐reformasi era, majority‐minority paradigm seems to rule the country. In both contexts, the rule of law has never been the top priority. Rather, the state of exception, as Carl Schmitt coins, governs and even condones the majority‐minority paradigm. As result the Indonesia’s diversity in ethnicity, religion and class has been subjected to the domination of the majority and its narrative. Papua is one of the cases.
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