Pandhit, Tunjung Sekar Laksmi
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Linkages between Dynamic Financial Inclusion and Institutions in ASEAN 8 Pandhit, Tunjung Sekar Laksmi; Cahyadin, Malik
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 21, No 2 (2020): JEP 2020
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v21i2.11146

Abstract

Financial inclusion becomes a priority concern with governments in ASEAN countries such as reduce the  lack  of  access  for  public  to  formal  financial  institutions.  Moreover,  there  is  an  empirical  gap  of linkages between institutions and financial inclusion. Thus, the study aims to estimate the effect of institutions on dynamic financial inclusion. Three financial inclusion indicators are employed, namely: debit card ownership, credit card ownership, and domestic credit to GDP ratio. Institutional indicators consist of six indicators following world governance indicators. The research observations are about 88 consisting of cross-sections were eight of ASEAN countries and the time series was 2008-2018. Indeed, a dynamic panel data was employed. In general, the findings exhibit that FEM is the appropriate model under Hausman test. Specifically, debit card ownership and credit card ownership were determined by voice and accountability, and rule of law while domestic credit to GDP ratio was determined by some indicators of institutions such as voice and accountability, political stability, regulatory quality, and control of corruption. Hence, the policy implications were directed to improve the quality of institutions both country and ASEAN levels. The high quality of institutions will stimulate the acceleration and expansion of financial inclusion in ASEAN countries.
Dynamic Financial Inclusion in ASEAN 8: Do Macroeconomics and Financial Technology Matter? Pandhit, Tunjung Sekar Laksmi
Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan Vol 21: October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jesp.21.2.5037

Abstract

This study aims to estimate the effects of macroeconomic indicators and financial technology on financial inclusion in ASEAN 8 during 2010-2018. There are three financial inclusion indicators, which include debit card ownership (Model 1), credit card ownership (Model 2), and domestic credit to GDP ratio (Model 3). Furthermore, the dynamic panel is applied to demonstrate dynamic financial inclusion models. The findings show that the domestic credit to GDP ratio is influenced by the unemployment rate, inflation, and financial technology. In addition, Model 1 and 2 show that the FEM is a robust model, while Model 3 indicates that REM is a robust model. This study encourages governments in ASEAN 8 to manage macroeconomic indicators progressively and stably to expand equal financial inclusion for the community