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All Journal Millah: Journal of Religious Studies
Ishak, Mohd Sobhi
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Religion

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A Fuzzy Delphi Approach to Social Cohesion Among Malay Muslims in Malaysia Amir Hamzah, Nur Anis Amalina; Ishak, Mohd Sobhi; Abdullah, Azlina; Baharuddin, Shamsul Amri; Sarkowi, Azizah; Hassim, Ahmad Zul Hakimi
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar10

Abstract

Existing research on social cohesion in Malaysia often examines it at the national level, with a strong emphasis on inter-ethnic relations. However, there is a significant gap in studies th at focus solely on intra-ethnic cohesion within the Malay-Muslims community. This study addresses that gap by developing and validating, through expert consensus, a new instrument to measure intra-ethnic cohesion. The study employs a quantitative design using the Fuzzy Delphi Method with a 7-point Likert scale, involving 10 carefully selected experts. Data were analysed using triangular fuzzy numbers and defuzzification ranking. Findings show that all elements of the proposed construct such as self-belonging, inclusivity, organizational/ political participation, recognition, legitimacy and equality has reached expert consensus. The agreement level exceeded 75%, the threshold value was below 0.2 (d<0.2) and the fuzzy score (A) was greater than the α-cut value of 0.5. These results provide a foundation for developing a structured framework for measuring social cohesion within the Malay-Muslim community in Malaysia. This article reports Phase 1 of instrument development, highlighting its limitations and future directions for full psychometric validation.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Azlina Amir Hamzah, Nur Anis Amalina Hassim, Ahmad Zul Hakimi Sarkowi, Azizah Shamsul Amri Baharuddin