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ASEAN 2025: Toward Increased Investment in the Southeast Asia Region? Ziegenhain, Patrick
AEGIS : Journal of International Relations Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : President University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33021/aegis.v4i1.791

Abstract

One of the major targets of the ASEAN Economic Community is to achieve a higher influx of foreign direct investments (FDI) into the region. By analyzing recent economic developments and weighing opportunities and challenges, this paper argues that there are good chances for a higher level of FDI in ASEAN until 2025. There are, however, several hindrances including the resistance of the ASEAN member states to accept further economic integration and a missing common regulatory framework, which will make it difficult to receive significantly more FDI in the near future.
Democratic Regression in Brazil under the Bolsonaro Presidency Ziegenhain, Patrick; Kemalasari, Nyi
Jurnal Demokrasi dan Politik Lokal Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Edisi April
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Politik, FISIP, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jdpl.6.1.1-12.2024

Abstract

In this paper we analysed the quality of democracy during the presidency of Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro between 2018 and 2022. Our research question was whether an erosion of democracy, or more precisely a reduction of the quality of Brazilian’s democracy, took place during that time or not. To answer these questions, we used relevant democracy criteria as analytical tools. Methodologically, this study we conducted a thorough literature review and an expert interview with a Brazilian social scientist. As a result, we concluded that based on the findings in the fields of vertical accountability, political rights, civil liberties, and horizontal accountability there was indeed a decline of democratic quality during Bolsonaro’s presidency.
Perceptions of the EU’s Indo-Pacific Policy in the Philippines Ziegenhain, Patrick
Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) Vol 14, No 1 (2025): Published in May 2025
Publisher : Andalas Institute of International Studies UNAND

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ajis.14.1.32-43.2025

Abstract

The rise of the Indo-Pacific region as a key strategic and economic area has prompted the European Union (EU) to increase its engagement there. The EU, whose foreign policy approach is closely related to the liberalism macro theory in International Relations (IR), has thus developed a robust strategy to work more closely with Southeast Asian countries, such as the Philippines. The research question of this study is how the political elites and the general public in the Philippines perceive the EU's efforts in Southeast Asia. The research findings are that the EU is perceived positively, but awareness of the EU's foreign policy initiatives among the political elites and the general public remains relatively low. Academics and local experts underline the potential benefits of EU partnerships beyond the military dimension, which is in accordance with a traditional liberal foreign policy. However, there is criticism of the EU's perceived moral stance and capabilities in the region, with doubts about its willingness to engage militarily in regional conflicts, which would stand in contrast to a liberal foreign policy approach. Overall, while the Philippine government and general public welcomes the EU's commitment to a rules-based order in the face of Chinese encroachment, skepticism remains about the EU's strategic relevance and practical impact in safeguarding Philippine interests.
Subnational Autonomy and Political Islam: A Comparative Analysis of Aceh, Bangsamoro, and Patani Ziegenhain, Patrick
JURNAL INDO-ISLAMIKA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): (JUNE) INDO-ISLAMIKA: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies on Islam in Indones
Publisher : Graduate School of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jii.v15i1.47002

Abstract

This article examines the different dynamics between subnational autonomy and political Islam in three distinct Southeast Asian contexts from a comparative perspective. The three cases studies concern Aceh (Indonesia), Bangsamoro (the Philippines), and Patani (Thailand). Through an analysis of historical grievances, political movements, peace agreements, and legal frameworks, the study reveals that the pursuit of self-governance is deeply intertwined with Islamic identity and aspirations. The paper aims to identify commonalities in the respective conflict trajectories and the centrality of Islam herein. However, it also highlights significant differences in the extent and nature of autonomy achieved, the specific objectives of political Islam, and the outcomes of the respective peace processes. As a general target, the study would like to offer insights into the broader implications for understanding state-minority relations and conflict resolution in Southeast Asia, which is known to be a religiously diverse region.