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All Journal Citizenship Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia
M. Rifai
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Arts Humanities Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PEMERINTAHAN MENURUT ISLAM (AL IMAMAH FIIL ISLAM ) M. Rifai
Citizenship Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Vol 2, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/citizenship.v2i1.3427

Abstract

Pemimpin menurut sebagaian ahli, ilmuan adalah tatalaksana yang dilakukan oleh individu maupun lembaga yang didasari musyawarah yangmelahirkan sebuah keputusan yang mengikat dalam bentuk hak dan kewajiban yang harus dikerjakan sebagaimana mandate tersebut,adapula yang berpendapat pemimpin adalah pelayan masyarakat (al imamu huwa ngabdu qoumin) kemudian hal ini ketika dikembalikan dengankenyataan di negara yang bukan islam(azas) negara islam maka arti pemimpin akan berkembang sesuai dengan landasan dasar  negaramasing-masing, juga akan berbeda pula pola – pola yang dikembangkan oleh masing-masing system pemerintahan pada negara tersebut,seperti di Indonesia yang menganut sitem Presidential dengan model Triaspolitika yang menjadi satu system yang saling ter kait yakni adanya Exsekutif, Legislatif, Yudikatif dan ketiganya punya tugas  pokok dan fungsi masing-masing, ketika ketiganya tidak harmonis makaakan terjadi suatu kepincangan kapincangan dimana-mana,atau salah satu dari ketiganya tersebut merasa berperan dan paling merasapenting maka yang terjadi adalah staknasi pemerintahan, karena hal tersebut akan mengakibatkan saling mencurigai dan saling menyandraantara lembaga yang satu dengan lembaga yang lainya.
TEXTURE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COPPER PRODUCED BY ECAP PROCESS USING NEUTRON DIFFRACTION TECHNIQUE M. R. Muslih; T. H. Priyanto; M. Rifai; Andryansyah; R. Riastuti
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

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Abstract

TEXTURE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COPPER PRODUCED BY ECAP PROCESS USING NEUTRON DIFFRACTION TECHNIQUE. Texture and hardness characterization have been carried out on market copper samples that have gone through the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) process. Neutron diffraction technique had been used for obtaining an average crystalline texture in a particular volume non destructively to the sample. The ECAP process is carried out once (1 pass) with some parts that have been plastically deformed and some parts that have not been deformed. Crystalline texture and hardness were observed in the deformed and non-deformed parts. Initial characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) followed by measurement of crystal texture using the neutron diffraction technique, while hardness was tested using the Vickers method. Rod-shaped sample with a diameter of 10 mm. Texture observations were performed at the center of the sample with a neutron beam limiting slit of 5x5 mm2 . There was an increase in hardness in the deformed position compared to the undeformed one. The texture that occurs is in the form of fibers with different directions and indexes, sequentially as follows: position 1, [111] of 4.96 m.r.d., position 2, -[111] of 1.86 m.r.d. and position 3 [010] of 2.44 m.r.d. , position 4 orientation is distributed on [011], [013], [115], [235] fibers with a texture index range of 1.07–1.33 m.r.d.
Co-Authors Andryansyah M. R. Muslih R. Riastuti T. H. Priyanto