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All Journal Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry
Kamarudin, Aimi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The effect of different fluoride varnishes on the release of calcium ions from hydroxyapatite discs: An ion-selective electrodes study Kamarudin, Aimi; Anderson, Paul; Hill, Robert
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 32, No 2 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol32no2.26444

Abstract

Introduction: Recently, various modes of fluoride varnishes have evolved, each with its own recommended concentration, potentially active ingredients, and flavour, leading to a claim of additional preventive benefits. Differences in fluoride release patterns can potentially enhance or reduce the efficacy of fluoride varnishes. Numerous clinical trials have proven its ability in preventing and arresting dental caries. This study mainly focused on the investigations of the apatite demineralisation process under the effect of different fluoride varnishes by ion-selective electrodes (ISE), in an attempt to comprehend their mechanism in anti-caries. Methods: Four different fluoride varnishes (Fluor Protector S, Duraphat, ClinPro White, MI Varnish) were used to measure their effect on the demineralisation process of the hydroxyapatite (HAP) discs in 60ml pH 4.0 acetic solutions. The HAP discs were treated with these varnishes after 4-hours demineralisation and then immersed back into the same solutions for further demineralisation to observe the effect of the varnishes. Throughout the experiment, the calcium ISE was used to monitor the rate of calcium concentration. Results: The result demonstrated that ClinPro White varnish resulted in the most significant inhibition of demineralisation and signs of probable remineralisation throughout the experiment. Other fluoride varnishes treatment showed the ability to inhibit demineralisation. However, the rate of calcium dissolution was not significantly different from different varnishes. The fact that the ClinPro White showed evidence of remineralisation might be associated with the fact that the varnish contained a source of calcium and phosphate. Conclusion: The fluoride varnishes treatment is shown to be effective in inhibiting the demineralisation of apatite regardless of the difference in fluoride concentration and potentially active ingredients incorporated in some of the fluoride varnishes.
Oral Hygiene Practices, Treatment Needs and Barriers to Dental Care Among Adolescents Attending Special Education Schools in Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Nor Wira, Nur Hafizah; Mamat, Noraida; Rohani, Maryani Mohamed; Kamarudin, Aimi; Anis, Sofia
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 32, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the oral health practices, status, and treatment requirements of adolescents with special healthcare needs attending special education schools in Selangor, Malaysia. The adolescents’ parents perceived challenges to oral healthcare were also established. Methods: The current study employed a cross-sectional approach involving 131 adolescents with varying special needs. The participants were between 13 and 18 years old and fulfilled the pre-determined inclusion criteria. The participants’ parents supplied information on sociodemographic, oral health practices, and possible obstacles to dental care through an online survey form. The oral examination on decay, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), and treatment requirements were performed in the school with teachers in attendance. The chi-square test was then conducted during statistical analyses. Results: Most adolescents examined in this study demonstrated good oral hygiene, recording 0.79 ± 1.49 and 0.73 ± 0.4 mean DMFT and OHI-S scores, respectively. A majority of the participants also reported brushing their teeth more than once daily, while approximately 93.9% employed fluoridated toothpaste. A majority of the participants required oral prophylaxis and restorative treatment. Nevertheless, the most significant barriers perceived by the parents or caregivers were time constraints to bring their child to dental clinics and the child's dental anxiety. The present study found no association between barriers to dental care and dental treatment requirements. Conclusion: The results indicated no correlation between barriers to dental care and dental treatment requirements. The findings might be due to this study being conducted in an urban area in Malaysia. Consequently, a multi-centre study with a bigger sample size is recommended.
Co-Authors Anderson, Paul Anis, Sofia Hill, Robert Mamat, Noraida Nor Wira, Nur Hafizah Rohani, Maryani Mohamed