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Biochemical Correlation of Sex Hormone Profile with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 In Indian Men- A Case-Control Study Kumar, Sandeep; Jain, Jaya; Jain, Ashutosh
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Vol 7 No 01 (2023): FEBRUARY
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/mhsj.v7i01.3532

Introduction: India, the country with the highest prevalence of diabetes, has between 62,4 and 77,2 million diabetics and pre-diabetics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological correlation between sex hormone profile and type 2 diabetes in Indian men. Methodology: In this case-control study, total of 181 diabetic cases and 181 healthy controls were enrolled as per WHO norms. Along with clinic-demographical data, fasting blood glucose, Postprandial blood glucose, HBA1c, insulin, lipid profile and Testosterone, LH, FSH were measured and compared. Results: A non-significant difference was observed [p=0.7831] between different ages among the study population's case and control groups. The FPG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides were significantly elevated in cases as compared to controls, except HDL and SHBG, showing non-significant differences. The spearman correlation between Testosterone and different parameters, and all the correlations showed a significant negative correlation. However, Testosterone Vs. Testicular Volume (ml) [r=0.2981], Testosterone Vs. HDL cholesterol(mmol/l) [r=0.04884] and Testosterone Vs. Calculated Free Testosterone (mmol/L) [r=0.007494] respectively shows significant positive correlation. Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes male patients had lower testosterone levels. As a biomarker for Type 2 Diabetes, it is possible to measure changes in serum testosterone levels.

Comparison of Lignocaine with Ondansetron for Attenuation of Propofol Induced Pain in Adult Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Comparative Randomized Study. Kanojia, Akash; Sood, Rajesh; Kumar, Sandeep; Yadav, Rupesh
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol 4, No 2 (2023): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jap.2023.004.02.02

Background: Propofol is a non-opioid intravenous anesthetic agent and it is most commonly used for induction of anesthesia but it has a consistent side-effect of pain when it is injected intravenously. Aim of our study was to compare lignocaine and ondansetron for attenuation of pain on propofol injection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: 100 patients planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled for this comparative randomized study. Group L (Lignocaine) – Patients received Inj. Lignocaine 0.5 mg/kg 1 minute before inducing with injection propofol. Group O (Ondansetron) – Patients received Inj. Ondansetron 0.1mg/kg 1 minute before inducing with injection propofol. The patient was evaluated for pain during injection using a four-point scale of 5 seconds and 15 seconds after the propofol injection. Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann-Whitney test were used for data analysis.Result: Demographic data in group L and group O were similar. The mean± SD pain score during the first 5 seconds in group O was 0.38 ± 0.57 while in group L was 0.02 ± 0.14 (p<0.001). The mean± SD post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) score during the first hour in group O was 0.08 ± 0.27 while in group L was 1.96 ± 1.160 (p<0.001).Conclusion: We concluded that lignocaine was found more effective than ondansetron for attenuation of propofol-induced pain and post-operative nausea vomiting was much lower than by ondansetron as compared to lignocaine.

Factors Affecting Outcome of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage Presenting to Emergency Department: A Prospective observational cohort study Lal, Devakrishna Bhavan; Ekka, Meera; Yadav, Rupesh; Yadav, Amlendu; Kumar, Sandeep
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol 4, No 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jap.2023.004.03.04

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the most common presentations in an emergency department (ED). UGI endoscopy is the definitive diagnostic and therapeutic modality for UGIB. Aim of the study were look into the outcomes of UGIB and outcomes based on the timing of endoscopy (early endoscopy mean before 24 hours and late endoscopy mean after 24 hours).Methods: 180 patients presented in ED with UGIB and undergo Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy. Socio-demographic profiles, with presenting signs and symptoms, co-morbidities, vitals, lab parameters, endoscopic diagnosis with the treatment of the patient were collected. They were followed up to day 7 of presentation to determine all-cause mortality, re-bleed, development of hemorrhagic shock, admission rate and length of ED stay, early endoscopy and late endoscopy.Result: The mortality difference in the early endoscopy (3.2%) and late endoscopy (16.1%) group was significant with a p-value of 0. 012. Late endoscopy (18.6%) was associated with a higher risk of development of hemorrhagic shock compared to the early group (4.8%) with a p-value of 0.011. The factors that had a significant association with mortality on univariate analysis were, late endoscopy, systolic blood pressure on presentation less than 90, variceal bleeding, blood transfusion requirement, AIMS 65 score greater than 0. Multivariate analysis showed that late endoscopy (OR 5.35(1.12-25.3)) and AIMS 65 score (OR 11.76(1.48-93.3)) were independent risk factors for mortality.Conclusion: We concluded that early endoscopy was associated with decreased mortality, decreased length of ED stay and decreased risk of development of hemorrhagic shock.

An analysis of the Indian retail market: Growth challenges, opportunities, and forecast to 2027 Kumar, Sandeep; Bakshi, Sweta
Journal of Commerce, Management, and Tourism Studies Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Dec 2024
Publisher : YAYASAN MITRA PERSADA NUSANTARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58881/jcmts.v3i3.190

This research paper delves into the Indian retail market, analyzing its growth trajectory, identifying key challenges, exploring emerging opportunities, and providing a forecast up to 2027. Through a comprehensive examination of market trends, consumer behavior, regulatory frameworks, and technological advancements, this paper aims to offer valuable insights for stakeholders seeking to navigate and capitalize on the dynamic Indian retail landscape.

ClearNet: auto-encoder based denoising model for endoscopy images Shokeen, Vikrant; Kumar, Sandeep; Mathur, Vidhu; Sharma, Amit; Gupta, Indrajeet; Jain, Parita
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 38, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i3.pp1990-2000

Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy images play a crucial role in the detection and diagnosis of diseases within the digestive tract. However, the development of effective computer vision models for automated analysis and denoising of endoscopy images faces challenges arising from the diverse nature of abnormalities and the presence of image artefacts. In this work, the utilization of an encoder-decoder network for denoising GI endoscopy images using the HyperKvasir dataset has been analyzed. This approach involves training a custom encoder-decoder model on this extensive multiclass endoscopy image dataset and assessing its performance across 23 prevalent classes of digestive tract issues. Here experiments showcase the model’s ability to learn robust visual representations from endoscopic data, enabling accurate disease prediction. The achieved promising results highlight the potential of encoder-decoder architectures as a foundational framework for computer-aided endoscopy analysis with a specific focus on denoising applications. Our model manages to increase the peak signal-tonoise ratio (PSNR) of original-noisy pair from 19.118954 to 69.892631 for original-reconstructed pair showcasing almost perfect reconstruction.

BERT-Enhanced Bi-LSTM with weighted cross-entropy for multilingual sentiment classification Siddique, Mohammad Mustafa; Kumar, Sandeep
International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics Vol 11, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/ijain.v11i3.2003

With the increasing volume of multilingual user-generated content across social media platforms, effective sentiment analysis (SA) becomes crucial, especially for low-resource languages. However, traditional models relying on context-independent embeddings, such as Word2Vec, GloVe, and fastText, struggle to handle the complexity of multilingual sentiment classification. To address this, we propose an Automatic Multilingual Sentiment Detection (AMSD) framework that leverages the contextual capabilities of BERT for feature extraction and a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network for classification. Our method, termed Elite Opposition Cross-Entropy Weighted Bi-LSTM (EOCEWBi-LSTM), integrates elite opposition-based learning to optimize hyperparameters and enhance classification accuracy. A weighted cross-entropy loss function further refines the model's sensitivity to class imbalance, thereby improving its performance. The model is trained and evaluated on the NEP_EDUSET corpus, comprising 45,434 tweets in English, Hindi, and Tamil. Experimental results demonstrate notable improvements in precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy, highlighting the effectiveness of EOCEWBi-LSTM in multilingual sentiment analysis, especially across both high-resource and low-resource languages. The experimental results show that the proposed EOCEWBi-LSTM achieves a high F1-score ratio of 93.83% and an accuracy ratio of 93.83% compared to other existing methods. EOCEWBi-LSTM provides an effective solution for multilingual sentiment analysis, especially for languages with limited resources.

Comparison of Lignocaine with Ondansetron for Attenuation of Propofol Induced Pain in Adult Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Comparative Randomized Study. Kanojia, Akash; Sood, Rajesh; Kumar, Sandeep; Yadav, Rupesh
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jap.2023.004.02.02

Background: Propofol is a non-opioid intravenous anesthetic agent and it is most commonly used for induction of anesthesia but it has a consistent side-effect of pain when it is injected intravenously. Aim of our study was to compare lignocaine and ondansetron for attenuation of pain on propofol injection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: 100 patients planned for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled for this comparative randomized study. Group L (Lignocaine) â€“ Patients received Inj. Lignocaine 0.5 mg/kg 1 minute before inducing with injection propofol. Group O (Ondansetron) â€“ Patients received Inj. Ondansetron 0.1mg/kg 1 minute before inducing with injection propofol. The patient was evaluated for pain during injection using a four-point scale of 5 seconds and 15 seconds after the propofol injection. Chi-squared test, Fisherâ€™s exact test, and Mann-Whitney test were used for data analysis.Result: Demographic data Â in group L and group O were similar. The meanÂ± SD pain score during the first 5 seconds in group O was 0.38 Â± 0.57 while in group L was 0.02 Â± 0.14Â (p<0.001). The meanÂ± SD post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) score during the first hour in group O was 0.08 Â± 0.27 while in group L was 1.96 Â± 1.160 (p<0.001).Conclusion: We concluded that lignocaine was found more effective than ondansetron for attenuation of propofol-induced pain and post-operative nausea vomiting was much lower than by ondansetron as compared to lignocaine.

Factors Affecting Outcome of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage Presenting to Emergency Department: A Prospective observational cohort study Lal, Devakrishna Bhavan; Ekka, Meera; Yadav, Rupesh; Yadav, Amlendu; Kumar, Sandeep
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jap.2023.004.03.04

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the most common presentations in an emergency department (ED). UGI endoscopy is the definitive diagnostic and therapeutic modality for UGIB. Aim of the study were look into the outcomes of UGIB and outcomes based on the timing of endoscopy (early endoscopy mean before 24 hours and late endoscopy mean after 24 hours).Methods: 180 patients presented in ED with UGIB and undergo Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy. Socio-demographic profiles, with presenting signs and symptoms, co-morbidities, vitals, lab parameters, endoscopic diagnosis with the treatment of the patient were collected. They were followed up to day 7 of presentation to determine all-cause mortality, re-bleed, development of hemorrhagic shock, admission rate and length of ED stay, early endoscopy and late endoscopy.Result: The mortality difference in the early endoscopy (3.2%) and late endoscopy (16.1%) group was significant with a p-value of 0. 012. Late endoscopy (18.6%) was associated with a higher risk of development of hemorrhagic shock compared to the early group (4.8%) with a p-value of 0.011. The factors that had a significant association with mortality on univariate analysis were, late endoscopy, systolic blood pressure on presentation less than 90, variceal bleeding, blood transfusion requirement, AIMS 65 score greater than 0. Multivariate analysis showed that late endoscopy (OR 5.35(1.12-25.3)) and AIMS 65 score (OR 11.76(1.48-93.3)) were independent risk factors for mortality.Conclusion: We concluded that early endoscopy was associated with decreased mortality, decreased length of ED stay and decreased risk of development of hemorrhagic shock.

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