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All Journal JESCEE- Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Ayoub, Muhammad
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Utilization of dairy waste scum oil for microwave-assisted biodiesel production over KOH-waste eggshell based calcium oxide catalyst Mohd Johari, Siti Aminah; Ayoub, Muhammad; Lee, Jhung Zhi; Rashidi, Nor Adilla; Shamsuddin, M Rashid
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.59995

Abstract

The sustainability can be maintained by utilizing the available waste as feedstock and catalyst such as dairy and eggshell waste respectively for biodiesel production. In this study, the calcium oxide (CaO) synthesized from calcined eggshell was doped with potassium hydroxide (KOH-ECaO) via wet impregnation method and analyzed the catalyst performance on biodiesel production from dairy waste scum oil (DWSO) via microwave assisted transesterification. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents were deduced by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The KOH-ECaO catalyst showed a good potential based on the characterizations analysis such as high pore size (25.5 nm) which supported by SEM pattern analysis. The highest biodiesel production (75%) was obtained at optimum reaction parameters conditions. The optimized conditions were discovered to be 3 wt.% of catalyst, 16:1 of methanol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature of 65°C and 15 minutes of reaction time as microwave provided faster reaction for the transesterification. These innovative results showed that KOH-ECaO could enhance the biodiesel production from DWSO which encouraged the usage of waste for wealth product.
Extraction of Flavonoid Content from Banana Peel (Musa Paradisiaca L.) by Ultrasound – Assisted Extraction Method and Its SPF Value Putri, Hasna Nabila; Budi Nursanto, Eduardus; Floresyona, Dita; Ayoub, Muhammad; Yusouf, Mohd Hizami Mohd
Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering Vol 2 No 2 (2023): Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy and Process Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Pertamina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57102/jescee.v2i2.73

Abstract

In this study, banana peel was used as a natural sunscreen compound because of its natural antioxidants, such as flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, and phenols. Extraction is carried out using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction method with variations in ethanol solvent concentration and material to solvent ratio at 45oC for 45 minutes. The ethanol concentrations used are 96%, 70%, and 50% and the material to solvent ratio 1/10, 1/20, and 1/30. From the results of the study, the highest yield and SPF value were obtained at ethanol concentration of 50% and material to solvent ratio 1/30. The yield in this variation is 15.2646%, and the SPF value is 8.9874 with the maximum protection category. The highest Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) results was obtained at 70% ethanol concentration and the ratio of material to solvent 1/30, namely 1.6559 mg QE/g. From the variation with the best TFC value, the mass transfer coefficient is 0.0151 mL/µg QE.min.
Co-Authors Eduardus Budi Nursanto Floresyona, Dita Lee, Jhung Zhi Mohd Johari, Siti Aminah Putri, Hasna Nabila Rashidi, Nor Adilla Shamsuddin, M Rashid Yusouf, Mohd Hizami Mohd