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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Communications in Science and Technology Journal of halal product and research (JHPR)
Afifah, Ika Qurrotul
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Eco-friendly synthesis of magnetite based on tea dregs (Fe3O4-TD) for methylene blue adsorbent from simulation waste Rahmayanti, Maya; Yahdiyani, Atika; Afifah, Ika Qurrotul
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.965

Abstract

Methylene blue is a popular dye used in the batik industry; however, it potentially causes environmental problems in view of the residual MB content in the liquid waste, which is difficult to naturally degrade. This study aimed to synthesize Fe3O4-TD using tea dregs from household waste and its application as an adsorbent for methylene blue dye. The synthesis was carried out using the reverse co-precipitation method with water as a solvent at room temperature. Fe3O4-TD characterization using FTIR, XRD, and PSA. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) on Fe3O4-TD was studied at various pH MB, reaction time, and concentration MB to determine the kinetic model and MB adsorption isotherm on Fe3O4-TD and the interactions that occur between MB and Fe3O4-TD. FTIR spectra and X-Ray diffractogram showed that the magnetite formed in a pure state did not mix with other iron oxides. The crystal and particle size of Fe3O4-TD is 18.92 nm and 26.70 µm, respectively. MB adsorption on Fe3O4-TD occurred well at pH > 3 and followed the Ho' pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the Freundlich isotherm model. The interactions between MB and Fe3O4-TD through electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and phi-phi interactions.
The impact of soaking duration with phosphoric acid on the characteristics of halal gelatin obtained from New Zealand white rabbit bones (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Samha, Hanifiya; Afifah, Ika Qurrotul
Journal of Halal Product and Research (JHPR) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Driving Global Halal Value Chain, What Should We Do?
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jhpr.vol.7-issue.2.125-136

Abstract

The demands of Indonesia's numerous industrial sectors for gelatin still rely on imports. In general, gelatin produced using pork can cause serious problems for Hindus and Muslims. The product extracted from New Zealand White rabbit bones in this research has the potential to become halal gelatin. This research aimed to analyze the characteristic amide group absorption of gelatin in the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum of the isolated gelatin from New Zealand White rabbit bones and to determine the effect of changing soaking time on the yield and gelatin characteristics. In the pre-treatment process, the sample was soaked using a 9% phosphoric acid solution for 48, 96, and 144 hours. The gelatin is then extracted at gradual temperatures for 12 hours. The characterization involved analyzing functional groups, water content, ash content, pH, and protein content. The typical absorption of gelatin functional groups in the form of amides A, I, II, and III was detected from FTIR spectrophotometric analysis. This study indicated that the soaking time significantly affected the yield, pH, ash content, and protein content of the gelatin produced, but did not significantly influencethe water content. The yield of gelatin from New Zealand White rabbit bones ranges from 4.08-6.56%. The water content of the gelatin is between 6.96-7.05%, and the pH value is 3.61-3.98. Both parameters meet the gelatin quality standards. However, the ash content of gelatin from New Zealand White rabbit bones, which ranges from 6.86-9.29%, does not meet the gelatin quality standards according to SNI 06-3735-1995 and GMIA 2012. The protein content of the rabbit bone gelatin, which is not regulated by the quality standards, ranges from 75.46-83.37%. The longer the soaking time, the higher the yield and protein content of the gelatin produced, and the lower the ash content. Keywords: Gelatin, New Zealand White Rabbit Bones, Soaking Time, Phosphoric Acid
Formulation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Sunscreen Cream Containing Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) Extract and Chicken Bone Collagen Hydrolysate Zukhruf, Annisa; Afifah, Ika Qurrotul
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v12i12025.114-125

Abstract

Background: Sunlight is a major contributor to skin damage, including erythema, pigmentation, premature aging, and other related conditions. Kenikir extract contains flavonoid derivatives, which have the potential to act as sunscreen due to the presence of chromophore groups that can reduce the intensity of sun exposure on the skin. In this study, sunscreen was made from kenikir extract with the addition of collagen hydrolysate. Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness and characteristics of various sunscreen cream formulations produced. Methods: Kenikir extract was obtained through ethanol-based maceration, while collagen hydrolysate was prepared by isolating chicken bone collagen using acetic acid solvent, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with bromelain. Four sunscreen cream formulations were developed using various concentrations of kenikir extract and collagen hydrolysate. The creams were characterized by evaluating sun protection factor (SPF), percent erythema, percent pigmentation, organoleptic properties, acceptance testing, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, centrifugation, and spreadability. Results: The cream containing kenikir extract was effective as sunscreen with an SPF of 45.59, erythema of 1.96%, and pigmentation of 1.27%. It also exhibited homogeneity, with a pH of 7.83 and a viscosity of 46,700 cps, which met the permissible range for sunscreen use. The stability test indicated that it was stable, with no separation observed. Conclusion: Sunscreen cream containing kenikir extract has the potential to protect the skin from excessive sun exposure due to the effectiveness and good characteristics according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).
The Concentration of Citric Acid Affects the Properties of Peking Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) Bone Gelatin Saputra, Antony; Afifah, Ika Qurrotul
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak Vol. 19 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jitek.2024.019.03.6

Abstract

Cows and pigs are the major contributors to the production of gelatin, but ethical, religious, environmental, and health concerns are prompting the exploration of gelatin sources from other materials. In the study, gelatin has been isolated from the bones of Peking duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) by altering the citric acid concentration in the pre-treatment process. This study aims to identify gelatin functional groups present in products derived from Peking duck bones and to assess the effect of citric acid concentration on the properties of the isolated gelatin. The pre-treatment process was conducted by soaking in 11, 13, and 15% citric acid for 72 h. Distilled water was used to extract gelatin in a water bath at gradual temperatures of 50, 65, and 80 °C for 4 h. The gelatin extract was then dried using an oven for 72 h. Gelatin characterization involves determining functional groups, calculating yield, pH, water content, ash content, and protein content. Functional group analysis using (FTIR) spectrophotometer revealed that the product has gelatin typical absorption properties, including Amide A, Amide I, Amide II, and Amide III. Citric acid concentrations can have a significant impact on yield, pH, water content, ash content, and protein content. The optimal concentration for producing gelatin is 15%, resulting in a yield of 11.89%, pH 4.085, water content 4.60%, ash content 10.48%, and protein content 58.31%. The ash content was above 3.25%, which was not in compliance with Indonesian National Standard (SNI), but the pH and water content values were in line with Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America (GMIA) and SNI standards. Therefore, further optimisation of the soaking time is necessary.
Co-Authors Rahmayanti, Maya Samha, Hanifiya Saputra, Antony Yahdiyani, Atika Zukhruf, Annisa