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All Journal LEX ADMINISTRATUM POLICY, LAW, NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES (POLRI)
Suwarsono, Maria Angelina
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Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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PENEGAKAN HUKUM UNTUK MELINDUNGI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1983 TENTANG ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF INDONESIA Suwarsono, Maria Angelina
LEX ADMINISTRATUM Vol 9, No 6 (2021): Lex Administratum
Publisher : LEX ADMINISTRATUM

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Abstract

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan hukum dan penerapannya dalam melindungi keanekaragaman hayati menurut UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1983 Tentang Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia dan bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia, di mana dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan: 1. Pengaturan hukum dan penerapannya dalam melindungi keanekaragaman hayati menurut UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1983 Tentang Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia bahwa berdasarkan perlindungan keanekaragaman hayati yang mengacu pada pengelolaan dan konservasi sumber daya alam hayati di laut. Sebagai peraturan pelaksana dari Undang-Undang, maka Pemerintah Republik Indonesia mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) Nomor 15 Tahun 1984 Tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Hayati Di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia untuk mempercepat peningkatan kemampuan usaha perikanan Indonesia. Pemanfaatan sumber daya laut senantiasa didasarkan pada strategi berkelanjutan (sustainable), dimana pemanfaatan dan pendayagunaannya harus memperhatikan aspek pelestarian. 2. Penegakan hukum terhadap pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia belum maksimal sejalan dengan kebutuhan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi di laut ZEE serta dampak lingkungan yang terjadi yang diakibatkan dari reklamasi laut, pembangunan resort, pembuangan limbah, illegal fishing dan penambangan karang. Pencemaran laut yang disebabkan oleh pembuangan limbah di laut dan ancaman perusakan lingkungan akibat dari proses pembangunan yang menyampingkan konsep pembangunan berkelanjutan yang berwawasan lingkungan. Kondisi tersebut disebabkan oleh kebijakan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan dari pemerintah mengenai pengelolaan sumber daya alam di laut.Kata kunci: keanekaragaman hayati; zona ekonomi eksklusif;
Legal Certainty for Creditors on Subsidized Home Ownership Loan Collateral Based on Law Number 4 of 1996 Concerning Mortgage Rights Suwarsono, Maria Angelina; Maramis, Ronny A.; Tampongangoy, Grace H.
POLICY, LAW, NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): OCTOBER
Publisher : Transpublika Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55047/polri.v4i4.1991

Abstract

Subsidized Mortgage (KPR) serves as a crucial government policy instrument aimed at fulfilling the housing needs of low-income communities. This financing scheme involves a credit agreement between banks and debtors, where the main collateral is secured through Mortgage Rights over land, formalized via a Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights (APHT). However, in practice, delays in executing APHT are common, prompting banks to initially use a Power of Attorney to Encumber Mortgage Rights (SKMHT). This practice raises concerns regarding legal certainty for creditors, especially when debtors default while the mortgage rights have not been formally registered. Such issues are reflected in the high rate of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) and unresolved certificate issuance cases. This research aims to analyze the legal regulation of collateral in Subsidized Mortgages based on Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights and to examine the juridical implications for creditors when guarantees have not been fully established. The study employs a normative legal research method with a juridical-normative approach, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed qualitatively through legal identification and doctrinal review. The findings indicate that while Mortgage Rights provide preferential legal standing for creditors, implementation challenges persist due to administrative inefficiencies, delays by Notaries or Land Deed Officials (PPAT), and complications from developers. Although the law grants time flexibility for SKMHT in subsidized mortgage schemes, it inadvertently creates potential legal uncertainty. Therefore, strengthening regulatory enforcement, expediting APHT processes, and enhancing oversight mechanisms are imperative to ensure legal certainty and protection for all stakeholders.
Co-Authors Grace H. Tampongangoy, Grace H. Ronny A. Maramis