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Anal Extrusion of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Case Report and Review of Literature Bal'afif, Farhad; Wardhana, Donny Wisnu; Nazwar, Tommy Alfandy; Nastiti, Novia Ayuning
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol 31, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.13

Abstract

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt is a commonly performed surgical procedure and offers a good result in the treatment of hydrocephalus. In general, 25% of the complication rate of this surgical procedure is abdominal complications. Anal extrusion of a peritoneal catheter is a rare complication ranging from 0.1 to 0.7% of all shunt surgeries. This study presents a rare case of anal extrusion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a 1-year-old female child who was asymptomatic. The physical examination revealed swelling and redness along the shunt tract on the retro auricular region, soft abdomen, and no catheter was observed in the anal. This study found several contributing factors affecting the complications in the anal extrusion of a peritoneal catheter, that are thin bowel wall in children and sharp tip and stiff end of VP shunt. The shunt should be disconnected from the abdominal wall, and the lower end should be removed through the rectum by colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy/proctoscopy or by applying gentle traction on the protruding tube. This study concludes that due to potentially life-threatening consequences and case rarity, thorough anamnesis, physical examination, and objective investigation are needed to determine the appropriate management for anal extrusion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. 
The F-11 Sensory Neuron Model: A Scalable In Vitro Platform for Neuropathic Pain and Drug Screening Nazwar, Tommy Alfandy; Laksono, Ristiawan Muji; Balafif, Farhad; Wardhana, Donny Wisnu; Balafif, Fachriy
Indonesian Journal of Life Sciences 2026: IJLS Vol 08 No.01
Publisher : Universitas Bio Scientia Internasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54250/ijls.v8i01.290

Abstract

Neuropathic pain remains a major therapeutic challenge, largely due to the translational disconnect between preclinical animal models and clinical efficacy in humans. This review critically evaluates the differentiated F-11 cell line, a hybridoma of mouse neuroblastoma and rat embryonic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, as a scalable, reproducible, and physiologically relevant in vitro platform for neuropathic pain research and analgesic drug screening. A detailed analysis of differentiation strategies highlights the critical interplay of neurotrophic factors (notably NGF), intracellular signaling modulators (such as cAMP elevators), and extracellular matrix cues in driving neuronal maturation. Functional validation via calcium imaging and electrophysiology confirms capsaicin responsiveness and action potential generation, mirroring native nociceptors. Its compatibility with medium-to-high-throughput screening and mechanistic studies including investigation of silent nociceptor sensitization in chronic pain conditions along with emerging applications in neuropathy models, makes it a valuable tool for de-risking drug candidates before animal studies.