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Tambunan, Derwin
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Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education

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DEMOCRACY UNDER THREAT: THE POLITICS OF CORRUPTION AND PARTY FINANCING SYSTEM IN INDONESIA Tambunan, Derwin
Journal of Social Political Sciences Vol 2 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52166/jsps.v2i3.69

Abstract

After Soeharto's authoritarian regime had ended in 1998, Indonesia has successfully been transformed into one of the world's largest democratic nations. However, Indonesia still faces enormous challenges to eradicating corruption; corruption is still ubiquitous and entrenched in governments and political parties. This study argues that the primary reasons for this apparent paradox are the politics of corruption and the dysfunction of the party finance system underpinning the illicit campaign financing system. This research also claims that the deficiency of the party finance system is not accidental; it is intentionally designed and perpetuated by the elites who prefer the illicit finance system since this system allows them to penetrate the state's assets, creating privileged business opportunities and reserving political advantages. The elites minority overpower political parties and establish politics-business networks to perpetuate their status quo and dominance in politics and economy. The dysfunction of the party financing system has also caused parties to remarkably relied on financial support from conglomerates; this situation engenders politics and 'black' business empires networks and oligarchisation. Further, business and political parties maintain their access to the state's resources by becoming part of electoral democracy, assuming political office or lobbying societal organisations, and taking control over economic actions and election campaigns that undermine Indonesia's democracy system. To substantiate the arguments in this study, the researcher uses the literature study and secondary data sources to support the arguments
POLITICS AND POWER: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON LEGITIMACY Tambunan, Derwin
Journal of Social Political Sciences Vol 2 No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52166/jsps.v2i4.82

Abstract

We know from research into politics and power that these two variables are widely discussed as interrelated concepts. However, what remains poorly understood is that politics is not only interrelated with the concept of power, but politics itself is about how power is exercised legitimately. This research aims to ascertain whether politics can be reduced to power and, if so, what precisely the concept of power can explain the essence of politics. A literature study was deployed in order to answer these questions. The findings showed that power is the essence of politics; politics are enterprises sharing and shaping power. However, politics can be adequately understood if power is viewed as a legitimate capacity to act. Approaching politics outside of this definition cannot be said as a proper definition of politics because legitimacy is the heart and essential to power, and only by applying this definition politics can be adequately interpreted. If politics is seen as a right to govern and power is understood as the legitimate capacity to act, thus, these two elements will create a political obligation that is vital in a political concept. Consent and legitimacy are the two aspects necessary to achieve the right to exercise governments' political authority. If power is exercised legitimately, then it will draw people trust. People trust is the precondition in political concepts and political legitimacy, which indicates the rightfulness to govern conferred by people to political regimes or political sovereignty established in the collective advantage or common good.
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