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All Journal Journal Of Vocational Health Studies Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ)
Olaniyan, Mathew Folaranmi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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MOSQUITO-BORNE PARASITES IN PATIENTS NEWLY INFECTED WITH HIV IN RELATIONSHIP WITH CD4 COUNT AND TNF ALPHA Olaniyan, Mathew Folaranmi
Journal of Vocational Health Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): July 2021 | JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL HEALTH STUDIES
Publisher : Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jvhs.V5.I1.2021.58-64

Abstract

Background: Mosquito-borne parasites include the pathogenic protozoa and helminths that are transmitted by the insect vector which may co-infect with other organisms to elicit an immune response. Purpose: To determine the frequency of mosquito-borne parasites in patients newly infected with HIV in relationship with CD4 count and TNFα. Method: Thirty-one (31; aged 15-32 years; male-12; female-19) newly diagnosed HIV positive patients and fifty (50) age-matched HIV negative volunteers were recruited as a control subject for this study. All subjects were negative to anti-HCV/HBsAg ELISA, Plasmodium, Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) tests and the control subjects were also negative to HIVP24 Ag-Ab ELISA, Plasmodium spp. and Wuchereria bancrofti microscopy. Venous blood including Night blood samples and sputum samples were obtained from the participants for CD4 count by cyflowmetry, TNFα, HIVP24Ag-Ab, anti-HCV, HBsAg by ELISA and microscopic identification by Giemsa staining while Sputum sample was used for Ziehl Neelsen staining to demonstrate Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB). Result: A lower frequency of 25.8% (Rajan, 2008) Plasmodium spp. and 6.5% (James et al., 2015) W. bancrofti was obtained in newly infected HIV patients compared with 32% (Zeitlmann et al., 2001) Plasmodium spp. and 8% (WHO, 2019) W. bancrofti obtained in the non-HIV infected control subjects. Showed a significant decrease in CD4 count and increase in plasma TNFα in both HIV mono-infection and coinfection with Plasmodium spp. and W. bancrofti compared with the results obtained in the non-HIV infected control subjects (p<0.05) and the results obtained in the newly infected HIV patients without Plasmodium spp. and W. coinfection (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant increase in plasma TNFα and a decrease in CD4 count in both HIV mono-infection and coinfection with Plasmodium spp. and W. bancrofti while a lower frequency of Plasmodium spp. and W. bancrofti was obtained in newly infected HIV patients compared with the results obtained in the non-HIV infected control subjects.
The Knowledge of Hepatitis B Infection And Practice Towards Its Prevention Among Pregnant Women Kanikwu, Phoebe Nwamaka; Onukwu, Patricia Udo; Olaniyan, Mathew Folaranmi; Muhibi, Musa Abidemi
Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : KHD-Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/nhsj.v4i2.296

Abstract

Infection with Hepatitis B remains a health challenge across the globe. This descriptive survey focused on the knowledge of hepatitis B infection (HBI) and prevention practices of pregnant women. Thus, this study assessed knowledge of HBI, HBI prevention practices, factors affecting the practice of HBI prevention among pregnant women, the association between the socio-demographic characteristics cum knowledge of HBI, as well as the relationship between the knowledge of HBI and the prevention practices. Balloting with replacement was employed in selecting 267 pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Delta State, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a Questionnaire developed by the researchers. The reliability of the instrument was conducted using Cronbach alpha which yielded coefficient of 0.738. Data collected were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean, Kruskal Walis test and Chi-Square statistic test. Majority of the study respondents (53.8%) had low level of knowledge about HBI but 60% had good level of prevention practice. 36.7% of the pregnant women believed that they had a low-risk status for HBI, 43.4% that prayer was more effective than vaccine and 60.7% that herbal medicine was available to prevent HBI. Significant association did not exist between pregnant women’s socio-demographic characteristics and their knowledge of HBI (k=2.92, p-value=0.10). Significant relationship existed between knowledge of HBI and the prevention practices of pregnant women (X2=36.71; p-value=0.001). Findings showed that the pregnant women had a low knowledge level for hepatitis B virus but a good level of prevention practice possibly due to high level of provider-initiated preventive services. Nurses should organize more detailed health education sessions on hepatitis B infection to pregnant women and keep up with their role of performing provider-initiated preventive services.
Co-Authors Kanikwu, Phoebe Nwamaka Muhibi, Musa Abidemi Onukwu, Patricia Udo