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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research
Gono, Christina Mutiara Putri
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Potensi Biji Duwet (Syzygium cumini L. (Skeels.)) Sebagai Imunomodulator Pendamping Kemoterapi: Sebuah Ulasan Tafrihani, Ahmad Syauqy; Gono, Christina Mutiara Putri; Natasia, Nyssa; Ikawati, Muthi
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v6i2.45168

Abstract

Mekanisme pertahanan sel kanker terhadap sistem imun tubuh merupakan ancaman bagi keberhasilan terapi kanker. Agen kemoterapi efektif dalam membantu proses eliminasi sel kanker, namun penggunaannya menginduksi imunosupresi. Ekstrak biji duwet (Syzygium cumini (L.) (Skeels.)) dan kandungan senyawanya dilaporkan memiliki berbagai aktivitas imunomodulator dan aktivitas antikanker. Namun, belum ada laporan yang mengulas potensi biji duwet sebagai agen imunomodulator pendamping kemoterapi kanker (ko-kemoterapi). Artikel ini disusun untuk mengulas potensi biji duwet sebagai imunomodulator pendamping kemoterapi. Berbagai literatur dari jurnal internasional dan sumber lain yang dipublikasikan mulai tahun 2005 ditelusuri dari database Pubmed, Scopus, GoogleScholar, dan lainnya. Berdasarkan studi literatur, ekstrak dan senyawa kandungan biji duwet, yaituasam galat dan mirisetin, dapat memodulasi sistem imun melalui berbagai jalur molekuler. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa biji duwet memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi agen pendamping kemoterapi melalui aktivitas imunomodulatornya. Penelitian lebih lanjut pada model hewan uji kanker yang diberi ekstrak biji duwet dan kombinasinya dengan antikanker diperlukan untuk memvalidasi potensi tersebut.
Phytochemical and Bioinformatic Studies of Citrus Flavonoids as Chemopreventive Agents Targeting GGPS1 for Liver Cancer Wardani, Ratih Kurnia; Rhamandana, I Made; Gono, Christina Mutiara Putri; Ikawati, Muthi
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 12, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev12iss3pp137-147

Abstract

Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (GGPS1) is an unfavorable prognosis in liver cancer development. The side effects of therapeutic standards encourage the development of therapeutic agents from herbal materials. Citrus peels are rich of phytochemical compounds, especially citrus flavonoids, that possess cytotoxic activities. This study aimed to determine the potential of citrus flavonoids as chemopreventive agents targeting GGPS1 protein by phytochemical and bioinformatic studies. Dried peels of Citrus reticulata were extracted by hydrodynamic-cavitation method followed by identification of compounds using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The expression level of GGPS1 was obtained from UALCAN, while its correlation with survival rate was obtained from the GEPIA. Prediction models regarding the potential inhibitors of citrus peel compounds against GGPS1 were obtained through KNIME and ChEMBl, followed by literature studies on chemopreventive activity of citrus flavonoids. The molecular docking was used to predict the molecular interaction followed by tracking of target genes that were positively correlated with GGPS1 by SwissTargetPrediction. Yielded 75% (v/v), the extract positively contained citrus flavonoid with hesperidin as comparison. Overexpression of GGPS1 significantly reduced the survival rate of liver cancer patients (p value=0.019). Four citrus flavonoid compounds, namely tangeretin, nobiletin, hesperidin, and naringenin showed potential inhibition to GGPS1. The molecular docking showed that tangeretin had a strong affinity compared to the native ligand and zoledronic acid, as positive control. PARP1, CSNK2A1, TNKS2, and GSK3B were clarified as targeted genes for tangeretin and nobiletin that positively correlated with GPPS1. In vitro and in vivo studies will validate our findings and support the development of citrus peel extract with rich flavonoid contents as a chemopreventive agent.Keywords: geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (GGPS1), liver cancer, hydrodynamic-cavitation, citrus flavonoid, bioinformatic.
Co-Authors Muthi Ikawati Natasia, Nyssa Rhamandana, I Made Tafrihani, Ahmad Syauqy Wardani, Ratih Kurnia