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All Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Jubran K. Hassan
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Public Health

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Prevalence of Drug-Drug Interaction in Hospitalized Patient in Basrah City; Southern of Iraq Zainab Najim Abdul-nabi; Noor Kadhim Mohammed-Jawad; Jubran K. Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16732

Abstract

Objectives: Although multiple drugs administrationmostly increase therapeutic effect, some combinations lead to adverse drug-drug interactions and increased morbidity. This study was designed to identify the types,frequency, severity, and significance of drug–drug interactions (DDIs)Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2018 to February 2019 in Al-Fayha’a teaching hospital in Basrah, Iraq.The data of 186 patients were collected from hospital patients case sheets. The type and significance of DDIs were analyzed using “Medscape drug Interaction Checker.Results: At least one to two DDI are noticed in about three quarters of the patients, about 30% cases have three to nine DDIs and 15% of them have ten or more DDIs. According to their severity, there are 85 (11.5%) of serious or potent DDIs. The largest percentage of reported interactions 544 (73.5%) were moderate were close monitoring required. Out of 740documented DDIs,65.1% were pharmacodynamics and 19.5% were Pharmacokinetic interactions, in addition, there were 15.4%of DDIs due to Unknown mechanisms. Most of the major potential DDIs occur with the antibiotic ceftriaxone and blood thinning medications (heparin and warfarin).Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed a high prevalence of drug-drug interactions in hospitalized patients particularly in patients withcardiovascular disease. Potential DDIs in this study sufficiently high to alert health care providers to pay more attentions in order to prevent or decrease their adverse effects on patients.
Abuse of Topical Glucocorticoids among Patients Visiting Community Pharmacy in Basrah-Iraq Alhassan Shaker Abed; Jubran K. Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16775

Abstract

Introduction: Topical glucocorticoids have been the mainstay for the treatment of many skin conditions sincetheir introduction due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative vasoconstrictive and immunosuppressiveproperties.Availability of topical glucocorticoids in different potencies as over the counter medication inIraq encourages their use for non-labeled indications , thus increasing the side effect of such drugs.Objectives: The aim of this study was toevaluate the use, knowledge of the patients and patient educationoftopical glucocorticoids.Methodology: A cross sectional community pharmacy based survey was conducted throughout Basrahcity.Inclusion criteria were costumers visiting the community pharmacies asking for topical corticosteroidswithout prescription, aging 15 years and older and willing to participate in the study.600 questionnaireformafor topical corticosteroids were distributed in the center and the districts of Basrah city. 254 forma outof 600 were returned out of which 212 were completed. Incomplete forma were excluded.Result: 106 (50%) participants out of 212misused topical glucocorticoids. As a single product, Betamethasonevalerate and Clobetasol propionate was majorly used by the participants which are potent and ultra-highpotent topical steroid respectively. The major source of topical steroid prescription was relatives.49.8%participants didn’t recognize any side effect of topical glucocorticoids while hypopigmentation was themost side effect identified by the participants (21.8%).Only 35% of the participants,whom topical steroidprescription source by physicians and pharmacists, was educated about the use of topical glucocorticoids.Conclusion: Topical glucocorticoids are commonly abused in Basrah city and probably other cities of Iraq.Looking fair and improving face appearance is a common cultural believe in Iraq that push people to seektopical glucocorticoids from community pharmacies for skin lightening in addition to other unapprovedindications without prescription.
Effect of Different Drugs on Diuretic Resistance Indices in Patients with Renal Impairment Using Intravenous Furosemide Alyaa Abdalrazaq Abass; Ali Mohammed Hadi; Jubran K. Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16781

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a medical condition defined as a reduction in kidney function, made known byglomerular filtration rate of a less than 60 mL/min per 1·73 m², or signs of kidney impairment (albuminuria),or both for at least three months period, nevertheless of the original cause.Diuretic resistance in the edematous patient is defined as a clinical state in which diuretic response isdiminished or lost before the therapeutic goal of relief from edema has been reached.This study aims to find the effect of different drugs on kidney functionindices and the relationship of usingthese drugs with the development or improvement of diuretic resistance.The study is a cross-sectional observational study. It was carried out at Al-Hussein-Teaching Hospital inThi-Qar. Nasiriya. Data from 104 patients were collected and analyzed using different statistical methods.The results showed that there was a different odd of effects of the drugs commonly used to patients withCKD due to other comorbidities on diuretic resistance indices. There was a significant increase in the bodyweight and decline in serum urea in patients already with edema when they used calcium ampoule. Serumurea was not affected by any of the other studied drugs. There were two drugs affected positively on serumcreatinine, which are clopidogrel and heparin. Albuminuria was highly improved in patients receivingaspirin and atorvastatin. Clopidogrel significantly increased GFR in these patients.
Co-Authors Alhassan Shaker Abed Ali Mohammed Hadi Alyaa Abdalrazaq Abass Noor Kadhim Mohammed-Jawad Zainab Najim Abdul-nabi