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Simatupang, Karmel Hebron
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Sistem Multipartai dan Ambang Batas Parlemen: Studi Kasus Sistem Presidensial Indonesia dengan Perbandingan terhadap Jerman dan Taiwan Simatupang, Karmel Hebron
Journal of Political Issues Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Journal of Political Issues (August - January)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Politik Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/jpi.v6i2.291

Abstract

This study investigates the necessity of parliamentary thresholds in multi-party and presidential systems, with a particular focus on Indonesia. It examines the rationale behind these thresholds and the factors that should determine the optimal threshold within Indonesia's unique political landscape. Employing a qualitative approach and a comprehensive literature review, the study utilizes Mainwaring's framework, which highlights the challenges posed by the combination of a multi-party system and presidentialism, and advocates for reducing the number of parties through appropriate thresholds. The findings suggest that Indonesia's combination of a presidential system and multi-party structure can lead to instability due to potential legislative gridlock. To enhance government efficiency, the study recommends maintaining or raising the current 4% parliamentary threshold and opposes calls to lower it, as this could lead to further fragmentation and inefficiency. Furthermore, the study proposes simplifying the structure of Indonesia's House of Representatives (DPR) into three factions: pro-government, opposition, and independent. By drawing comparisons with Germany and Taiwan’s 5% thresholds and mixed-member proportional representation systems, the study suggests that similar electoral reforms in Indonesia could minimize wasted votes, improve proportional representation, and foster a more stable governance structure.
Urgensi Penyelamatan Danau Prioritas di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Upaya dan Komitmen Penyelamatan Lingkungan Hidup Danau Toba Simatupang, Karmel Hebron; Arlan, Adri; Felicia, Avirell
Journal of Tourism and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 3 (2022): Tourism Economic Development
Publisher : Rumah Jurnal UNEJ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jtc.v6i3.34993

Abstract

Sejak Konferensi Nasional Danau Indonesia I, Tahun 2009 di Bali, pemerintah melalui 9 Kementerian telah menandatangani kesepakatan Bali tentang pengelolaan Danau Berkelanjutan 15 Danau Prioritas di Indonesia. Kemudian disusun rencana penyelamatan. Akan tetapi, sampai kini upaya penyelamatan lingkungan hidup danau-danau di Indonesia tergolong sangat lambat implementasinya di lapangan. Pada penelitian ini, penulis fokus menganalisis bagaimana upaya penyelamatan lingkungan hidup di Danau Toba sebagai salah satu danau prioritas nasional. Seiring telah diterbitkan nya Peraturan Presiden RI No.60 Tahun 2021, tentang Penyelamatan Danau Prioritas Nasional, komitmen pemerintah dinantikan masyarakat luas. Danau Toba yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah sebagai destinasi wisata superprioritas nasional dan internasional menjadi semakin urgen diselamatkan di tengah kondisinya yang belum berubah dan bahkan semakin rusak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini ditemukan, bahwa pemerintah belum berkomitmen sepenuhnya dalam penyelamatan Danau Toba, itu ditandai dengan masih enggannya pemerintah mencabut izin-izin perusahaan yang selama ini telah terbukti merusak ekosistem Danau Toba.
Co-Authors Arlan, Adri Felicia, Avirell