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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Islam, Md. Rafiqul
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Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Smartphone aided real-time blood vein detection system Istiaque Ahmed, Kazi; Hadi Habaebi, Mohamed; Islam, Md. Rafiqul
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1041.83 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1514

Abstract

This paper aims to develop a real-time integrated system for the detection of the blood vein utilizing an Android Mobile App. The system is intended to be a low cost solution for medical teams at clinics, emergency rooms and hosptials. The system reduces the enjuries incurred due to inaccuracies during the process of frequent needle injection when blood vein is not visible during patient’s skin inspection. Illuminated infrared light in the blood cells of the vein is absorbed due to the manifestation of the Haemoglobin in blood and the IR non-blocking camera can capture the vein patterns in the IR light spectrum. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) algorithm was used to enhance the pattern of the vein in the Android application developed using OpenCV3. Developed system can detect the veins up to 7mm underneath of human skin in real time with a frame rate of 25fps. This is a far better improvement than commercial systems that can detect veins only below 10mm underneath the skin. Moreover, this system not only focused on needle infusion but also it can be used to indicate the place of bleeding for the clots from the human body strokes, etc. in the upper layer of skin. It can also be used to detect and measure liquids in encapsulated in confined dark bottles, for example, liquid chemical pouring into the bottles in the chemical companies, liquid medicine pouring to bottles, etc. The system can be further developed to detect skin infection and other dermatological diseases underneath the skin.
6G networks: insights and reliability analysis Basahel, Ahmed Abdullah; Islam, Md. Rafiqul; Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 6: December 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i6.7896

Abstract

As we are living in a fast-moving dynamic world. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), metaverse, and edge computing are expected to play an essential role in our daily life. These technologies require high-speed, sustainable, and reliable communications networks which are expected by sixth generation (6G) wireless communications networks. 6G will be the backbone for these emerging technologies as well as for the technology-driven digital infrastructure. Governments as well as research and development (RD) of the technology companies are gearing up to conduct a regulatory framework to standardize 6G networks; studying and conducting experimental setups to examine and evaluate the deployment of 6G networks; both in which they will have opportunities and challenges. This paper provides insights and guidelines for 6G networks in terms of standards, implementations, applications, and research trends. In addition, it provides reliability analysis for terrestrial 6G networks. A carrier class availability could be achieved over a maximum of 4 km link distance. These insights and availability figures may be used as a useful tool for researchers and industry stakeholders for the deployment and rollout of the next generation 6G wireless communications networks.
Barium titanate–silicon elastomer based body coupled antenna for wearable microwave head imaging applications Tayab Sakib, Md Abu; Riza Bashri, Mohd Saiful; Islam, Md. Rafiqul
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 3: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i3.6665

Abstract

This paper presents a flexible monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding line with a barium titanate (BaTiO3) silicon-elastomer impedance matching layer for microwave head imaging applications. The operating frequency bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 614 MHz which is from 0.475 GHz to 1.089 GHz. In biomedical microwave sensing and imaging applications, the major challenge is the high power loss due to reflection between the BaTiO3 and the antenna due to impedance mismatch. Therefore, the proposed BaTiO3 silicon-elastomer composite is designed to have dielectric property of 20 which acts as an impedance matching layer for the monopole antenna. The proposed antenna has dimensions of 70×30×6 mm. The flexibility of the antenna is provided by the use of the silicon elastomer. It has been shown that the power radiated into an artificial head phantom improved by almost 160% as compared to antenna without impedance matching layer. Moreover, the SAR level is 0.0286 W/kg when 1 mW of power is transmitted, which is well below the limit set by the regulation. This makes the antenna suitable for wearable biomedical applications due to its wideband characteristic and improved power penetration into human head.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Choirul Basahel, Ahmed Abdullah Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Hadi Habaebi, Mohamed Hasan, Md. Mahdi Istiaque Ahmed, Kazi Riza Bashri, Mohd Saiful Tayab Sakib, Md Abu