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From Acute Pain to Intense Elation: The Psychological Dynamics of Five Individuals Who Experienced Spirit Possession Michael Seno Rahardanto; - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Kesurupan merupakan fenomena yang terjadi di berbagai kebudayaan di dunia, namun relatif jarang diteliti. Belum ada konsensus tentang etiologi kesurupan. Tokoh-tokoh psikodinamika menyebutnya ‘histeria’; para pendukung teori disosiatif menyebutnya proses disosiatif; para pakar antropologi menyebutnya fenomena yang dibentuk budaya. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengajukan gagasan bahwa kesurupan dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi empat kategori yang berbeda, yakni kesurupan patologis, kesurupan relijius, kesurupan kuratif, dan kesurupan hiburan. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman dan dinamika psikologis lima individu yang mengalami kesurupan. Penulis menggunakan tes proyektif (BAUM, DAP, HTP) untuk menunjang eksplorasi dinamika psikologis kelima partisipan. Data penelitian dan hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa kesurupan patologis, relijius, kuratif, dan hiburan merupakan jenis kesurupan yang berbeda. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan patologis melaporkan rasa sakit psikologis yang akut saat kesurupan. Eksplorasi riwayat keluarga menunjukkan tipe chaotic-disengaged. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan relijius (dikuasai Roh Kudus) melaporkan ekstase spiritual, yang dicirikan oleh sukacita yang sangat intens. Partisipan yang mengalami kesurupan hiburan melaporkan episode kesurupan yang dipicu oleh musik dan ritual, yang penyebabnya diatribusikan ke makhluk supernatural. Secara umum, hasil penelitian mendukung perspektif bahwa kesurupan adalah mekanisme untuk mengekspresikan kebutuhan dan hasrat psikologis yang terpendam dan tidak terpenuhi dalam kehidupan nyata. Penjelasan berdasarkan perspektif tunggal—misalnya hanya menggunakan perspektif fisiologis atau satu perspektif teoretik—akan menimbulkan “materialisme medis”, yang dikhawatirkan William James. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung suatu perspektif yang holistik, yang menyatakan bahwa kesurupan merupakan interaksi dinamis antara kebutuhan psikologis yang terpendam, frustrasi, hasrat, dan representasi keyakinan sosioreligiuspara partisipan. Kata kunci: kesurupan patologis, kesurupan relijius, kesurupan kuratif, kesurupan hiburan, fenomena disosiatif, perubahan kesadaran

Era Baru Kesehatan Mental Indonesia: sebuah Kisah dari Desa Siaga Sehat Jiwa (DSSJ) Alifa Syamantha Putri; Moya A.D. Martiningtyas; Afrina E.S. Br. Sagala; Gartika Nurani Erawan; I Putu Ardika Yana; Sarita Matulu; Sustriana Saragih; Niken Kitaka Sari; Nadia Ihsana Ferhat; Patricia Meta Puspitasari; Yova Tri Yolanda; - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Due to the large number of people with mental illness in Indonesia, traditional treatment to individuals with mental disorder becomes less effective. Community-based mental health treatment becomes a more effective and efficient choice in handling the disorder. Desa Siaga Sehat Jiwa (DSSJ, Mental Health Awareness Village) has comes as a form of community-based mental health treatment. One of villages in Yogyakarta where the program has been being implemented is in Selomartani village, Kalasan Sub-district, Sleman Regency. This study aimed to look at the process of formation, implementation and obstacles of the program in this village, and to provide advice or suggestions for its improvement. This study used a qualitative approach with narrative method. Data were retrieved through interviews and focus group discussions. Participants involved in the study were 19 cadres of the program. Results obtained from the study indicated that cadres have ability in understanding clearly the system and their roles in the program and they know the consequences of being a cadre of DSSJ. The new finding obtained during the research process was the emergence of "compassion fatigue” or “secondary traumatic stress", a traumatic disorder suffered by the cadre while handling patients. Keywords: community-based mental health, compassion fatigue, Mental Health Awareness Village

Agama dalam Perjalanan Gangguan Mental Psikotik dalam Konteks Budaya Jawa - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 39, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The inter relationship between religion and mental illness is very complex. Religion can be an effective therapy but it can also be the trigger of mental illness. This study aims at exploring religious and spiritual issues among psychotic patients. This study employs a qualitative case study method. The subjects were 7 patients who suffered from a first episode psychotic disorders. They were recruited based on the diagnosis provided by two mental hospitals in Yogyakarta. Data were collected through interviews and observations, either directly to the subject or to the family caregivers. Several themes in this study showed that religion had a role in triggrering psychotic disorder through internal moral conflict and external conflict between particular religious groups and traditions. Some religious issues were also present in the symptoms of psychotic disorder particularly in the content of delusion and hallucination. Meanwhile, religious coping played an important role in the process of recovery. Participants understood that their illness was their destiny (takdir) which had to be accepted (nrimo). Acceptance of participants’ destiny did not associate with fatalistic attitude. On the contrary, their understanding that the illness was from God meant that it could be cured. This understanding provided a light of hope which ignited their effort (usaha) to solve their problem. Keywords: course of mental illness, religion, religious coping

EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN PROGRAM KELOMPOK “AJI” PADA GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING Tina Afiatin; - Subandi; - Haryanto
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 27, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpsi.7007

AJI (Adventurous Juvenile Intervention) is a training program designed for increasing group counseling skill in a natural setting by using “learning by doing” and “experiential learning” principle. Through this program school counselors not only have an opportunity to participate in-group counseling session but also practic to become a group counselor. This research aimed to test the effectiveness of AJI program in increasing the skill of school counselor for group counseling. The subject was 21 school counselors of middle school (SLTP) from Sleman Yogyakarta (11 male and 10 female; 12 subject hold S1 and 9 subject got D3 Diploma Degree). Quasiexperiment method was applied. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in the subject’s skill in counseling before and after intervention (t = -15.617; p < 0,01). There is also significant difference in the knowledge of group counseling (t = -20.414; p< 0,01). The qualitative data can be concluded that the school counselors get a deeper understanding of group counseling and its procedure as well as their ability to lead a group counseling for students. Overall, both quantitative and qualitative data analysis indicated that AJI program is effective in increasing the counseling skill of school counselors. Keyword: Adventurous Juvenile Intervention.

Mereka Memanggilku “Kenthir” R Budi Sarwono; - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

“Kenthir” is a stigma that commonly addressed to the psychosis sufferer in Javanese culture. This research studies about psychological dynamics of early phase of psychosis sufferer since they live in “kenthir’s” stigma and some other Javanese stigmas, and also about the influence of this stigma to their effort in doing re-integration with society in the context of Javanese culture. This qualitative research was conducted by the case study approach. The researcher was observed the psychological dynamics of four psychosis sufferers that was distributed in two regencies in Yogyakarta Special Region (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta). Beside this psychological dynamics, the thing that is observed by the researcher is how the psychosis sufferers attempt to re-integrate to the society. The primary research data is acquired both through systematic and unsystematic interview to the sufferer and the informant (family, neighbours, village officials, clinic psychologist, Mental Hospital psychologist and significant others). The supporting data is investigated from medically records data from Mental Hospital, doctor’s prescription, status update from facebook account and other notes. The data are codified thematically grouped to be analyzed. The result shows that stigma in the Javanese society gave to the psychosis sufferers, is not always affect them during their reintegration in to the society. It solely depends on how each subject view that stigma. In fact, a patient publically called “kenthir” by the surrounding people shows successful reintegration to the society. Keywords: kenthir, psikosis, reintegration, stigma

Kaget, Bingung, Dan Teror: Dimensi Psikokultural Dalam Pengalaman Psikotik - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 34, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Psychotic illness is the most severe form of mental illness. Most of psychological and psychiatric literatures focus on the clinical sympstoms. Very few try to understand the phenomenon from the pasient’s subjective perspective. This article aimed at providing an empathic understanding of having psychotic experience. Using ethnographic method, the researcher worked very closely with nine Javanese who experienced psychotic illness for the first time. The psychotic experiences were narrated by the participants themselves and crossed checked with their families. This article discussed the experience of psychosis from the moment of developing psychological and socio-cultural conflicts which was buried inside (the phase of burrying inside), followed by the emerging of psychotic experience (the phase of escaping control). This paper analyzed how Javanese cultural background of the participants were integrated into psychotic experiences. The themes of kaget (being startled), bingung (confused) and teror (terror) will be discussed. Keywords: psychotic illness, ethnographic, Javanese culture

PENGEMBANGAN ALAT KEPEKAAN TERHADAP HUMOR Nida UI Hasanat; - Subandi
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 25, No 1 (1998)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Humor is not only important in everyday life. but it is also potential for therapy. Humor allows people to take a distance from their problems. to see the problem from a different perspective and to reduce anxiety and helplesness. The purpose of this study was to develop a sense of humor scale which assess one's ability to perceive humor from cartoons.

POLA PERILAKU MENCARI BANTUAN PADA KELUARGA PASIEN GANGGUAN JIWA - Subandi; Muhana Sofiati Utami
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 23, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The focus of this research is to identify care seeking behaviorof the family whose one of its members suffer from mental illness. The data was gathered from interview with 20 respondents who took the patient to see the doctor in Lali Jiwo mental Hospital, Pakem Yogyakarta.

PERKEMBANGAN KEHIDUPAN BERAGAMA - Subandi
Buletin Psikologi Vol 3, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada

Proses perkembangan kehidupan beragama boleh dikatakan cukup unik dibandingkan dengan perkembangan aspek-aspek dalam diri manusia yang lain. Jika divisualisasikan dalam bentuk grafik, maka spek-aspek kehidupan manusia (misalnya fisik, intelektual, sosial dsbnya) pada umumnya mengalami peningkatan pada masa kanak-kanak sampai masa remaja atau dewasa.

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