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. Efendi
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An Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation Method for Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) . Efendi; M. Matsuoka
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 1, No 1 (2011): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Investigation of transformation method for sugarcane was carried out by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens with a vectors pMLH7133 that contained CaMV35S promoter and marker genes. Embryogenic callus and cell aggregates of suspension culture were used as the target materials for transformation. The aggregates cell was sonicated, and co-cultured with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The cells were cultured in N6-2 medium containing an appropriate antibiotic to eliminate bacterial contamination. Embryogenic callus was co-cultured with Agrobacterium, and was also cultured in N6-2 medium as same as suspension culture. Selection was carried out by culturing the treated suspension culture and embryogenic callus with MS medium containing geneticin. The transformed calli were transferred to MS-R9s for shoot formation. The transformed cells were analyzed for the distribution of GUS activity histochemically. After histohemical staining with X-glux, light microscopy observation revealed that the transformed calli derived from the NiF4, Ni9, and NCo310 cultivars had blue coloration in its tissue. Thus, the gene for GUS appeared to have been transferred and to be expressed in the calli.  The construct of pCL4 was also integrated in the bacteria. Transient expression of GUS gene was successfully confirmed in the transformed Agrobacterium. When we use suspension culture, the proportion of the calli showing transient GUS expression was 4.7-fold greater with the vector in pMLH7133. We also successfully produced transformed calli with higher level of transient GUS expression. The percentage of the calli showing the best transient GUS expression is pCL4. The embryogenic callus was more competent for transfer of T-DNA into sugarcane cells. Analysis of GUS activity indicated that the gene was expressed into the calli of sugarcane. The Results indicate that the promoter can serve as an effective regulatory element to produce strong expression in callus of sugarcane. When we inoculated embryogenic callus with Agrobacterium harbored binary vector pCL4, we also successfully produced transformed calli with higher level of transient GUS expression. Thus, the gene for GUS appeared to have been transferred and to be expressed into the calli.  Putative transformed plants were tested by performing PCR and Southern Hybridization to confirm the integration and expression of the introduced genes.
Adaptation of Some Clones of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in the Lowlands and the Use of Manure Mardhiah Hayati; . Sabarudin; . Efendi; Ashabu Anhar; Elly Kesumawati; Nur Kamalia
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 5, No 2 (2015): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

This study aims to determine adaptation of some clones of sweet potato in the lowlands and the best manure application on the growth and yield of sweet potato as well as the interaction betweenthe two factors. Research conducted at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture SyiahKuala University, Banda Aceh, with a height of 4 m above sea level, from March to September 2014. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design in factorial arrangement (2x8), using a split plot design with three replications. The main plot is a manure treatment (control and manure 20 ton/ha), and the subplot is a treatment of types of sweet potato clones (CIP-LSQ, CIP-1945,CIP-MAN, CIP-153, CIP-CER, CIP-BDG), and local clones (beige and orange). The results showed that the best plant growth was found on CIP-153 clone, while the best crop production was CIP- LSQ clone. Growth and crop production was found best on control treatment. There are interactions between manure and clones on weight of the fresh shoot (ton/ha), fresh weight and dry bulb per plant (g), the weight of large tubers (ton/ha) and tubers yield (ton/ha). The best plant growth and production was found on a combination treatment of CIP-LSQ clones and control (without manure).
Sensitivity of Acehnese varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to high temperature stress during flowering stage Sabaruddin Zakaria; . Bakhtiar; . Efendi
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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. Rice is very sensitive to high temperature stress at the flowering stage. The rice plants were exposed to high temperature condition under green house. Some varieties show tolerance to heat stress, and the others are sensitive. Nine local Acehness varieties: Si Puteh, Itam Tangke Lango, Ramos Tihion Tamping, Sireundeun Semantok, Bo Santeut Seumantok, Pade Cut Krusek, Sipirok, Sigeudop and Cantek Lembayung were observed for high temperature stress during flowering stage. The objective of this research are: to identify the effect of heat stress on reproductive stage of local Acehnese, Indonesian rice; and to find the varieties that sensitive and hopefully have the gene of “temperature genic male sterility” (TGMS) that can be used as restorer varieties for production of hybrid rice. Heat stress significantly decreased pollen viability, plant architecture, and yield components. The pollen viability was observed by stainability and germination rate of the pollen. Based on pollen germination ability showed that one variety of rice, Sigeudop, showed tolerance to high temperature stress. Whereas the sensitive variety was Bo Santeut Seumantok, the local Indonesian rice that is potential to have TGMS gene. Pollen stainability showed that all varieties of pollen involved stainability from plants cultivation at high temperature, and all the varieties had the high rate of pollen stainability. We also found that pollen germination rate showed three varieties of rice cultivated in high temperature involved high resistance of the pollens. 
Physiological Seed Performance of Local Aceh and National Release Variety of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Water Stress Cut Nur Ichsan; . Bakhtiar; . Efendi; . Sabarudin
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 5, No 2 (2015): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Global warming causes changes in rainfall patterns causing lack of water for cultivation (IPPC,2007). About 50% of the rice cultivation area in the world has water shortages which becomes limiting factors of production (Bouman, 2009), hence the need   early detection for drought- resistant varieties with seed physiological test. The experiment carry out at Laboratory Seed Technology and Industry of Agriculture Faculty Syiah Kuala University from April to June 2015. The  experiment in  split plot design 3X10 with 3  replication and  standing roll  wet paper germination method used. Amount of 2250 seed are used for physiological seed performance test. Water stress condition induced with PEG 6000 0%; 12.5%; 25%. Local genotype and national released variety of rice used in this experiment are Bo Santeut, Romokot, Sanbei, Pade mas, Aweuh, Inpari 16, IR 64, Situ Patenggang, and Towuti. Concentrations of Polyethilene Glicol 6000 (PEG 6000) have significant effect on all physiological parameter. Some local rice Aceh genotypes potentially to be cultivated on dry lands to cope water stress conditions.
Co-Authors . Bakhtiar . Sabarudin Ashabu Anhar Elly Kesumawati M. Matsuoka Mardhiah Hayati Mudinillah, Adam Nur Kamalia