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Supriharyono .
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THE PROBLEMS OF COASTAL AND MARINE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 4, No 1 (2000): Volume 4, Number 1, 2000
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

It is a well known fact that parts of the coastal marine ecosystem, such as estuaries, mangrove, sea-weed beds, and coral reefs, are very productive . The primary production may go up to 10,000 g C/m2{vear in these systems. It t`s very high compared with the primary production in open seas that is only 50-100 g C/m2/year. As a result the rate of the secondary production, such as fish, and other marine faunas, which live in these system, are also high. Anthropogenic activities carried out in order to use the resources in coastal areas, such as destructive fishing practices, coral mining, mangrove cutting, may ayiectfish Hncluding other marine faunas) production. Considering the destructive nature of some human activities in the coastal areas, the Indonesian government has established several laws and regulations for marine environmental protection. These included the establishment of 37 marine conservation areas which cover an area of about 2,800,000 Ha. It is expected that these areas will be expanded to 30,000,000 Ha by the year 2000, but there is no assurance whether this expansion can be reached or not. In the meantime a strategt to [ind alternatives to destructive practices in coastal and marine ecosystems is being prepared.
CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT IN PADAIDO MARINE TOURISM PARK, BIAK NUMFOR Case Study for The Alternative Solution to Destructive Fishing Practices on Coral Reefs Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 6, No 3 (2003): Volume 6, Number 3, Year 2003
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Coral reef is the most productive marine ecosystem in coastal waters. Unfortunately, this ecosystem has already suffered from non-sustainable human use including destructive fishing practices (bombing and cyanide), coral mining, over fishing, settlement pollution and uncontrolled tourism development. These affected the production of those fisheries resources in coral reefs. In order to manage those resources, such alternative to destructive use need to be studied. This paper reports alternative solution to destructive fishing practices  on coral reefs. The study has been carried out at Padaido Marine Tourism Park, the District of Biak Numfor, West Papua province, for about 2 weeks, 9-18 June 2001.  Survey method was used during the study.  The data were collected using Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA)’s method, with members of fisher group as the participants. Three kinds of reef fish groups are identified at the Padaido Islands waters, i.e. major group, target group, and indicator group. These include ornamental and consumption fishes.  Fish were caught with several fishing gears; while some of them are identified as destructive fishing practices, e.g. bomb, cyanide fishing. However, some of them can be recommended as sustainable fishing technologies, i.e. (1) squid jig, (2) troll line, and (3) hand line.
COASTAL AND MARINE ECOSYTEMS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN INDONESIA Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 1, No 2 (1998): Volume 1, Number 2, Year 1998
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Its is well known that estuaries , mangroves, seagrasses beds, and coral reefs are productive ecosystems in the coastal marine areas. The production may goes up to 3.000 g C/m2/year. It is very high compared with the production in open seas that only 50 – 100 g C/m2/year. The coastal water ecosystems are also known as good habitat for spawning, nursering, and feeding several species of fish. Therefore, the secondary productivity is also high in these ecosystems. Anthropogenic activities in order to used the resources in coastal areas, however, are often dangerous to the life of those ecosystems. Considering to the anthropogenic activities, the Indonesian government have established several law and regulation for marine environmental protection. These included the establishment of 23 marine conserves areas which cover areas of about 2.800.000 Ha. These areas are expected will be expected will be expanded to 10.000.000 Ha by the end of 1995, and 30.000.000 Ha by the year of 2000.
EFFECTS OF SAND MINING ON CORAL REEFS IN RIAU ISLANDS Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Volume 7, Number 2, Year 2004
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Effects of sand mining on coral reefs have been carried out in Riau Islands, from September to November 2003. The study used was explorative method, while the data were collected both primary through field observation and interview and secondary data obtained from related institutions. The results showed that the reefs were in moderate to good conditions. Majority of the moderate conditions were found in the deeper water (10 m depth). Similarly, the percentage of living coral cover was also lower in the deeper water compared to the shallow one (3 m). It is believed that this may due to light transparency. However, it is too early to say that the lower of light transparency in the depth 10 m is due to sand mining activities. In addition, the fishing capture production was significantly decreased after sand mining becoming intensive in study sites during autonomy era.
GROWTH RATES OF THE MASSIVE CORAL Porites lutea EDWARD AND HAIME, ON THE COAST OF BONTANG, EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 7, No 3 (2004): Volume 7, Number 3, Year 2004
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Growth rates (linear skeletal extension) and the timing of skeletal band formation were measured in eight specimens of the massive coral   Porites lutea at three sites (BK1, BK2, and BK3) and three depths, i.e. 1 m , 3 m, and 5 m in each site.  The sites were located in Bontang Kuala Regency, located about 7.5 km from the fertilizing industry, PT Pupuk Kaltim Tbk, Bontang. Growth rates were measured by using two techniques, i.e. X-radiograph and UV-light. Result of the study indicates that  the timing  of  the high density (HD) and low density (LD)  bands  is synchronous  at  the  three  locations.  A one year growth is characterized by three HD bands, one of which is usually very dense.  Illumination of the coral slabs by UV-light revealed a distinct fluorescent banding pattern on all coral specimens.  The data indicate  that the fluorescent bands are usually associated  with the  high density bands which are accreted during the wet  season period. It is  characterized  by high land  run-off  containing elevated concentrations of fulvic and humic acid compounds, and this apparently occurred almost through out the year. However fluorescent bands were absent from a  number  of density couplets,  known as “stress bands”.  The results suggest that in the present study the linier skeletal  extension rates,  based  on  X-ray  radiographic  techniques, are a  more accurate  measure  of  P. lutea growth  rates  then  fluorescence banding. Comparisons   of   the skeletal extension rates   indicate that the growth rates of P.  lutea are not significantly difference (p > 0.05) either between sites or depths. The average of coral growth rates ranged from 0.8-1.2 cm/year. These are significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with the amount of rainfall.  While the amount of rainfalls is not correlated with urea production of fertilizing industry, P.T.Pupuk Kaltim Tbk, which some of them are loss as dust (a core for water vapour) during process production.
SKELETAL BANDING PATTERN AND GROWTH RATES OF THE MASSIVE CORAL Porites lutea Edwards & Haime ON THE NORTH COAST OF CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 2, No 1 (1998): Volume 2, Number 1, Year 1998
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Growth rates (linear skeletal extension) and the timing of skeletal band formation were measured in 15 speciments of the massive coral. Porities lutea at three locations on the north coast of Central Java. The result of skeletal X-rayed indicate that timing of the high density (HD) and low density (LD) bands is synchronous at three locations. A one year growth is characterized by three HD bands, one of which is usually wider. Comparisons of the skeletal extention rates (X-ray radiography) indicate that the growth rates of P.lutea are statistically lower at the Menjangan Kecil island when compared to Bandengan Bay (p<0.01) and Panjang island (p< 0.05).
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROBLEMS IN EAST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE Supriharyono .
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 3, No 2 (2000): Volume 3 Number 2 Year 2000
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Coastal and marine problems were collected from the coastal community in area of the Municipality of Balikpapan East Kalimantan Province, from fishermen, NGO’s and government officials. The technique used was that of the Field Participatory Workshop’s. the result of the study revealed some coastal community awarenees, coastal resources usage, and governmental policy. The local government’s failure to solve those problems was mainly due to lack of social awarenees for environmental coastal management and lack enforcement.
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