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Turbulence of Extraterritorial Power in Southeast Asia Maya, Arthuur Jeverson; Fernando, Jason
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i2.1714

Abstract

The research reveals that power turbulence in Southeast Asia is caused by the involvement of major states in the region. Such involvement has implications for two levels of analysis, where there is a balance of power of intrusive states and a balance of power of regional states. The anomaly is that regional security is created with a high tendency for conflict and politics. The effort to deconstruct this anomaly uses the governmentality power approach and the genealogy method initiated by Michel Foucault. Philosophical debates arise when disciplining and normalizing the history of power and knowledge of intrusive systems. He confirmed that regional order is related to global power. In this regard, this research is limited to revealing the involvement of countries outside the Southeast Asian region carried out since the pre-colonial era by India and China. There is disciplining and normalizing through the censorship of panopticon governmentality and genealogy of power so that the relations of power and knowledge of intrusive systems carried out by countries outside the region gain population approval as contemporary patterns of power produced throughout history and have implications for power.
The Nation-State as the Order of the United States: Westphalia, Regimes of Truth, and Global Power Post-1945 Maya, Arthuur Jeverson; Wene, Adrianus Lengu
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i1.1354

Abstract

This article examines the nation-state not as a neutral political entity or the natural evolution of modernity, but as a historical construct engineered and stabilized through post–World War II global power relations. Using a genealogical approach, this article argues that the Westphalia system did not remain a legacy of 17th-century Europe but was reformulated and operated by the United States as a global order that produced a regime of truth about sovereignty, legitimacy, and political acceptance. Through the institutionalization of the United Nations, the Bretton Woods system, NATO, and a network of international legal, economic, and security standards, contemporary nation-states are conditioned to function as operators in transnational governmentality rather than as autonomous political subjects. Sovereignty is symbolically defended yet materially and epistemically subjugated to the American-centric logic of power. This article also reveals the symbolic-theological dimension of this order, in which democracy and freedom operate as state faiths that legitimize intervention and the selective suspension of the principle of non-intervention. The findings of this study indicate that the post-Westphalia nation-state has undergone a fundamental functional mutation—from an instrument of political emancipation to a global disciplinary apparatus that works through normalization, the production of meaning, and symbolic surveillance.