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All Journal Warta Ardhia : Jurnal Perhubungan Udara Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Jenie, Yazdi Ibrahim
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Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Environmental Science Transportation

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Design of Alerting System for Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operational Cargo Delivery UAV Sonaria, Enita; Jenie, Yazdi Ibrahim
WARTA ARDHIA Vol 49, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Kebijakan Transportasi, Kementerian Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/wa.v49i1.547.48-59

Abstract

The development of drones is now crucial to many industries, investors, and governments as they are more cost-effective and efficient in various industries, such as filmmaking, consumer, and tourism. They can also be used in various fields, such as agriculture, meteorology, construction, logistics, and conservation. Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) technology enables drone operations to perform missions more accurately as it allows them to be operated in a wider angular range. BVLOS includes the use of advanced technologies and systems to monitor drones and ensure they comply with regulations. As such, BVLOS can be used to optimise marine cargo drone operations. In addition, the Ground Control System (GCS) is used by multi-UAV systems to remotely monitor drone performance. This enables advancements in navigation and autonomous technologies that can be utilised in the maritime sector. However, the operation of cargo delivery UAVs, especially those operated as multi-UAVs, requires a surveillance system supported by a qualified warning system. One of them is a warning system that will appear when the UAV approaches the boundary of the area of operation that has been set at the beginning. The warning system aims to improve safety and security because by warning UAVs approaching or entering restricted or sensitive areas, this system can prevent unauthorised access or accidents, ensuring the safety and security of the area and the UAV itself. In addition, it improves efficiency and reduces costs where the warning system can help UAVs avoid entering prohibited or unauthorised locations, improving efficiency, and reducing costs associated with re-routing or returning to home. For this reason, in this research, the design of a warning system for UAVs approaching the boundary of the operating area is performed and shown through simulation. In this research, a two-level alert system was designed and simulated that is triggered when the UAV approaches the boundary of the specified operation area to enable the operation supervisor to perform safety procedures in response to mitigate potential risks.
Design of Alerting System for Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operational Cargo Delivery UAV Sonaria, Enita; Jenie, Yazdi Ibrahim
WARTA ARDHIA Vol. 49 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Kebijakan Transportasi, Kementerian Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/wa.v49i1.547.48-59

Abstract

The development of drones is now crucial to many industries, investors, and governments as they are more cost-effective and efficient in various industries, such as filmmaking, consumer, and tourism. They can also be used in various fields, such as agriculture, meteorology, construction, logistics, and conservation. Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) technology enables drone operations to perform missions more accurately as it allows them to be operated in a wider angular range. BVLOS includes the use of advanced technologies and systems to monitor drones and ensure they comply with regulations. As such, BVLOS can be used to optimise marine cargo drone operations. In addition, the Ground Control System (GCS) is used by multi-UAV systems to remotely monitor drone performance. This enables advancements in navigation and autonomous technologies that can be utilised in the maritime sector. However, the operation of cargo delivery UAVs, especially those operated as multi-UAVs, requires a surveillance system supported by a qualified warning system. One of them is a warning system that will appear when the UAV approaches the boundary of the area of operation that has been set at the beginning. The warning system aims to improve safety and security because by warning UAVs approaching or entering restricted or sensitive areas, this system can prevent unauthorised access or accidents, ensuring the safety and security of the area and the UAV itself. In addition, it improves efficiency and reduces costs where the warning system can help UAVs avoid entering prohibited or unauthorised locations, improving efficiency, and reducing costs associated with re-routing or returning to home. For this reason, in this research, the design of a warning system for UAVs approaching the boundary of the operating area is performed and shown through simulation. In this research, a two-level alert system was designed and simulated that is triggered when the UAV approaches the boundary of the specified operation area to enable the operation supervisor to perform safety procedures in response to mitigate potential risks.
Implementation of SORA Methodology Version 2.5 for Medical Delivery Using Quadrotor UAS in Remote Areas Hidayat, Rachmad; Jenie, Yazdi Ibrahim
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2306

Abstract

The innovative quadrotor Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) approach for delivery missions presents significant opportunities to address logistical distribution challenges (i.e. medical delivery) in remote areas. The efficiency of quadrotor UAS, which does not need additional infrastructure like runways, makes it increasingly applicable to remote regions. However, the potential implementation of UAS for medical delivery missions comes with considerable risks, such as collisions with manned aircraft or UAS crashes that could damage infrastructure and cause fatal injuries to human life. Therefore, in UAS operations, a method of operational risk assessment is needed to ensure safety, resilience, and operational success. The Joint Authorities for the Rulemaking of Unmanned Systems (JARUS) offers a risk assessment methodology named Specific Operational Risk Assessment (SORA) for UAS operations. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation have recognised and approved this methodology as a risk assessment method for specific UAS categories. SORA provides a step-by-step framework in risk assessment to identify, evaluate, and determine necessary mitigation actions to achieve an acceptable means of compliance (MoC). EASA has announced using the latest version, SORA V2.5, planned for implementation in the fourth quarter of 2023. The Indonesian Ministry of Transportation also plans to adopt this latest version for UAS operations. Several updates and simplifications have been made to this version. Therefore, this paper presents the application of risk assessment using SORA V2.5 for medical delivery operations in remote areas using quadrotor UAS. The analysis in this paper covers each step of SORA V2.5, including risk identification and evaluation, as well as the implementation of mitigations in the conducted mission. The results indicate that SORA V2.5 can be implemented in this mission by taking appropriate mitigation actions to assure operational safety. There are also recommendations for optimising risk identification and it can complement the SORA methodology.
Implementation of SORA Methodology Version 2.5 for Medical Delivery Using Quadrotor UAS in Remote Areas Hidayat, Rachmad; Jenie, Yazdi Ibrahim
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2306

Abstract

The innovative quadrotor Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) approach for delivery missions presents significant opportunities to address logistical distribution challenges (i.e. medical delivery) in remote areas. The efficiency of quadrotor UAS, which does not need additional infrastructure like runways, makes it increasingly applicable to remote regions. However, the potential implementation of UAS for medical delivery missions comes with considerable risks, such as collisions with manned aircraft or UAS crashes that could damage infrastructure and cause fatal injuries to human life. Therefore, in UAS operations, a method of operational risk assessment is needed to ensure safety, resilience, and operational success. The Joint Authorities for the Rulemaking of Unmanned Systems (JARUS) offers a risk assessment methodology named Specific Operational Risk Assessment (SORA) for UAS operations. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation have recognised and approved this methodology as a risk assessment method for specific UAS categories. SORA provides a step-by-step framework in risk assessment to identify, evaluate, and determine necessary mitigation actions to achieve an acceptable means of compliance (MoC). EASA has announced using the latest version, SORA V2.5, planned for implementation in the fourth quarter of 2023. The Indonesian Ministry of Transportation also plans to adopt this latest version for UAS operations. Several updates and simplifications have been made to this version. Therefore, this paper presents the application of risk assessment using SORA V2.5 for medical delivery operations in remote areas using quadrotor UAS. The analysis in this paper covers each step of SORA V2.5, including risk identification and evaluation, as well as the implementation of mitigations in the conducted mission. The results indicate that SORA V2.5 can be implemented in this mission by taking appropriate mitigation actions to assure operational safety. There are also recommendations for optimising risk identification and it can complement the SORA methodology.
Co-Authors Enita Sonaria Rachmad Hidayat