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Struktur Komunitas Gastropoda pada Ekosistem Mangrove Mangunharjo, Kota Semarang Ashari, Adi; Pribadi, Rudhi; Nuraini, Ria Azizah Tri
Journal of Marine Research Vol 13, No 1 (2024): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v13i1.35257

Abstract

Mangunharjo merupakan sebuah Kelurahan di Kota Semarang yang mempunyai ekosistem mangrove, akan tetapi semakin hari luas ekosistem mangrove di Mangunharjo semakin menurun karena alih fungsi lahan. Hal ini dapat menurunkan produktifitas perairan yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi biota di dalamnya termasuk gastropoda. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Mangunharjo dengan indikator komposisi spesies, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominasi. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan November-Desember 2021 pada 3 stasiun. Penentuan stasiun menggunakan metode purposive sampling dimana Stasiun 1 berada di area tambak dengan spesies mangrove Rhizophora apiculata, Stasiun 2 di muara suangai dengan sepesies mengrove Rhizophora mucronata dan Stasiun 3 di pesisir pantai dengan spesies mangrove Avicennia marina. Data yang diambil berupa sampel dan parameter perairan (suhu, salinitas, pH, substrat). Sampel diambil menggunakan transek 10m x 10m dengan sub plot 1m x 1m sebanyak 5 yang diletakkan secara diagonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ditemukan 11 spesies dari 5 famili yaitu famili Potamididae 5 spesies, Ellobiidae 2 spesies, Neritidae 2 spesies, Helicarionidae 1 spesies dan Littorinidae 1 spesies. Kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada Stasiun 1 sebesar 3.445 ind/25m2 dan terendah di Stasiun 3 sebesar 1.730 ind/25m2. Indeks keanekaragaman Stasiun 1 dan 3 dikategorikan keanekaragaman sedang, keanekaragaman di Stasiun 2 kategori keanekaragaman rendah. Indeks keseragaman pada ketiga stasiun dikategorikan rendah. Stasiun 2 terdapat dominasi sedangkan Stasiun 1 dan 3 tidak terdapat dominasi.  Mangunharjo is a sub-district in Semarang City which has a mangrove ecosystem, but the area of the mangrove ecosystem in Mangunharjo is decreasing day by day due to land conversion. This can reduce water productivity which indirectly affects the biota in it, including gastropods. This study was conducted to determine the structure of the gastropod community in the mangrove ecosystem of Mangunharjo with indicators of species composition, abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance. Data collection was carried out in November-December 2021 at 3 stations. Determination of stations using purposive sampling method where Station 1 is in the pond area with the mangrove species Rhizophora apiculata, Station 2 in the mouth of the river with the mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata and Station 3 on the coast with the mangrove species Avicennia marina. The data taken in the form of samples and water parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, substrate). Samples were taken using a 10m x 10m transect with 5 1m x 1m sub plots placed diagonally. The results showed that 11 species from 5 families were found, namely the family Potamididae 5 species, Ellobiidae 2 species, Neritidae 2 species, Helicarionidae 1 species and Littorinidae 1 species. The highest abundance is at Station 1 of 3,445 ind/25m2 and the lowest is at Station 3 of 1,730 ind/25m2. The diversity index of Stations 1 and 3 is categorized as moderate diversity, diversity at Station 2 is categorized as low diversity. The uniformity index at the three stations is categorized as low. Station 2 has dominance while Stations 1 and 3 have no dominance.
Tantangan dan Strategi: Layanan Kesehatan Mental pada Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Octenta, Chintia; Budijanto, Oki Wahju Budijanto Wahju; Ashari, Adi
Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum Vol 18, No 3 (2024): November Edition
Publisher : Law and Human Rights Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/kebijakan.2024.V18.237-254

Abstract

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia guarantees the right to adequate physical and mental health services for all people without exception, including correctional inmates. However, in reality, to date, several cases of prisoner deaths suspected to be the result of suicide have been recorded in various correctional institutions in Indonesia. Mental health problems have not become a national priority compared to infectious diseases. This study aims to determine and analyze the challenges and policy strategies in providing mental health services for correctional inmates in prisons. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, which found that the main obstacle was a lack of resources, training and infrastructure. This study highlights the importance of regular training for correctional officers, improved reintegration programs, and regular evaluations to identify best practices and areas for improvement. Overcoming these challenges requires special attention to cross-sector collaboration and policy development, especially to ensure the protection of mental health rights for inmates, as well as facilitating their rehabilitation and reintegration into society, improving risk assessment through training and comprehensive data collection, as well as improving facilities and development. employee professionalism. To overcome this, the author recommends a policy strategy that includes: (1) Short term, namely developing a Grand Design for Mental Health Services, Standard Operating Procedures for emergency conditions, and Integrated Data Collection, (2) Medium term, namely Strengthening Human Resources, Risk Mapping and Standardization of Screening, Improvement of Facilities and 3) Long term, namely creating a reintegration program, conducting regular national evaluations and creating cross-sector collaboration.