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All Journal Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ) Eureka Herba Indonesia The Journal of Society Medicine (JSOCMED)
Sudarmika, Kadek Adi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Bay Leaf Extract as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for LDL Reduction in Hypercholesterolemia: A Dose-Response Study Sudarmika, Kadek Adi; Putu Oky Ari Tania
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v5i3.126

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia, characterized by elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The current study investigated the dose-dependent effects of bay leaf extract on LDL cholesterol reduction in a hypercholesterolemic rat model. Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. They were then randomly assigned to five groups: positive control (simvastatin), negative control (standard diet), and three treatment groups receiving graded doses of bay leaf extract (0.72 g, 1.08 g, and 1.80 g). LDL cholesterol levels were measured after seven days of treatment. Bay leaf extract administration resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in LDL cholesterol levels. The highest dose (1.80 g) exhibited comparable efficacy to simvastatin in lowering LDL cholesterol. In conclusion, bay leaf extract demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for managing hypercholesterolemia by effectively reducing LDL cholesterol levels. The optimal dose for LDL reduction appears to be 1.80 g. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Related to Hyperthyroidism in Young Adults Sudarmika, Kadek Adi; Wulandari, Ni Luh Eka Sriayu
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 3 No. 8 (2024): August
Publisher : CoinReads Media Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/jsocmed.v3i8.162

Abstract

Introduction: DCM is characterised by myocardial structural and functional abnormalities not caused by ischemia. One cause is hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can lead to a hyperdynamic circulatory state, increasing cardiac output and metabolic demands, which can ultimately result in heart failure. Case: A 35-year-old woman presented with complaints of acute shortness of breath that worsened at night, accompanied by bilateral lower limb oedema and palpitations. Her medical history revealed hyperthyroidism diagnosed in 2021, but the patient was not compliant with treatment. Physical examination showed low blood pressure (84/60 mmHg), tachycardia 110 Beats Per Minute (BPM), and elevated Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP). Auscultation detected fine bilateral crackles and mitral regurgitation. Bilateral lower limb oedema. Echocardiography showed global hypokinesia with an Ejection Fraction (EF) of 30%, consistent with DCM. Laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia, elevated creatinine, and significantly increased liver enzymes. Initial management included intravenous saline infusion, continuous dobutamine infusion, and high-dose furosemide drip, which did not respond to furosemide. Acetazolamide was introduced as an additional diuretic. The patient also received ramipril, spironolactone, and enoxaparin for comprehensive cardiovascular and electrolyte imbalance management. This case highlights the importance of recognising the multifactorial nature of heart failure, particularly in patients with hyperthyroidism. Conclusion: This case illustrates the complexity of treating DCM with hyperthyroidism and the need for individualized therapy to optimize patient outcomes. The addition of acetazolamide proved effective in addressing the inadequate response to furosemide, emphasizing its role in enhancing diuretic response.
The Dilated Cardiomyopathy Related to Hyperthyroidism with Cardiogenic Shock and Inadequate Diuretic Therapy: A Case Report Sudarmika, Kadek Adi; Bagiari, Ketut Erna; Pratama, I Gede Bagus Gita; Wulandari, Ni Luh Eka Sriayu
Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ccj.v5i02.2024.125-133

Abstract

Highlights: 1. This article highlights the complexity of thyroid dysfunction and how individual assessments are crucial in determining the effective management of it. - Background: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a non-ischemic heart muscle disease characterized by structural and functional myocardial abnormalities. One of its causes is hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can lead to a hyperdynamic circulatory state, increasing cardiac output and metabolic demands, which can ultimately result in heart failure. Case Presentation: A 35-year-old woman presented with complaints of acute shortness of breath that worsened at night, accompanied by bilateral lower limb edema and palpitations. Physical examination showed low BP (84/60 mmHg), tachycardia 110 BPM, and elevated JVP. Auscultation detected fine bilateral crackles and mitral regurgitation. Echocardiography showed consistent with DCM. Conclusion: Effective management of heart failure in the context of thyroid dysfunction requires a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses the disease's cardiac and endocrine components. This case illustrates the complexity of treating DCM with hyperthyroidism and the need for individualized therapy to optimize patient outcomes. Managing cardiomyopathy related to hyperthyroidism presents unique challenges, as it requires treatment for both hyperthyroidism and heart failure, especially when cardiogenic shock is present with an inadequate response to diuretics. This case highlights the complex interaction between thyroid dysfunction and heart failure, as well as the therapeutic strategies used to manage this condition.
Co-Authors Ari Tania, Putu Oky Dwipayana, I Kadek Putra Ketut Erna Bagiari, Ketut Erna Pratama, I Gede Bagus Gita Putu Oky Ari Tania Wulandari, Ni Luh Eka Sriayu