<![CDATA[This study aims to examine the legal protection policies implemented for Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) in Saudi Arabia who are involved in crimes punishable by death, and the direction of their future reconstruction. The main challenges faced by PMI include low education, young age, limited language and cultural proficiency, and a lack of skills. The urgency for policy reconstruction stems from the need for a more ideal legal system oriented toward citizen protection. This study employed socio-legal research with a descriptive-analytical approach, based on primary data from in-depth interviews and secondary data from legal documents. The results indicate that legal protection for PMI is provided through two approaches: consular and diplomatic. Consular protection encompasses litigation (assistance from lawyers and translators, legal assistance) and non-litigation (approaches to victims' families, community leaders, and local officials). Diplomatic protection, on the other hand, is provided through high-level intervention, such as a direct appeal from the President of the Republic of Indonesia to the King of Saudi Arabia. Policy reconstruction is directed at strengthening protection based on international conventions that have been ratified but not yet enacted into national law. This harmonization is necessary so that the implementation of legal protection for Indonesian migrant workers is more effective, comprehensive, and in accordance with international human rights standards. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk kebijakan perlindungan hukum yang diterapkan terhadap Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) di Arab Saudi yang terlibat tindak pidana dengan ancaman hukuman mati, serta arah rekonstruksinya di masa mendatang. Permasalahan utama PMI mencakup rendahnya pendidikan, usia muda, minimnya penguasaan bahasa dan budaya, serta kurangnya keterampilan. Urgensi rekonstruksi kebijakan muncul dari perlunya sistem hukum yang lebih ideal dan berorientasi pada perlindungan warga negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode socio-legal research dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, berbasis data primer dari wawancara mendalam dan data sekunder berupa dokumen hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap PMI dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan: kekonsuleran dan diplomatik. Perlindungan kekonsuleran mencakup litigasi (bantuan pengacara dan penerjemah, pendampingan hukum) serta non-litigasi (pendekatan kepada keluarga korban, tokoh masyarakat, dan pejabat setempat). Sementara perlindungan diplomatik dilakukan melalui intervensi tingkat tinggi, seperti permohonan langsung Presiden RI kepada Raja Arab Saudi.Rekonstruksi kebijakan diarahkan pada penguatan pelindungan berbasis konvensi internasional yang telah diratifikasi, namun belum diundangkan ke dalam hukum nasional. Harmonisasi ini diperlukan agar implementasi perlindungan hukum terhadap PMI lebih efektif, menyeluruh, dan sesuai dengan standar hak asasi manusia internasional.]]>
