Taiwo, Noeem Thanny
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AVAILABILITY AND ADEQUACY OF WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) FACILITIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS Olatunji, Rotimi Williams; Taiwo, Noeem Thanny
Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development Vol. 4, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Hand-washing practice, which is globally recognized as the simplest, most affordable and effective way of curtailing the spread of infectious diseases, is still low in developing countries. This is largely influenced by the dearth and adequacy of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities. This paper investigated the level of availability and adequacy of WASH facilities in secondary schools in a developing, sub-Sharan country, particularly Lagos State, Nigeria. Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) guided this research. In all, 620 pupils were selected through multi-stage sampling methods. Two local government areas were selected from each of the three senatorial zones in the study area. Through purposive sampling method, Junior Secondary 3 (JS 3 or Basic 9), and Senior Secondary 3 (SS3) were selected from each local government of the State, comprising schools that are owned by Lagos State Government the others are privately owned. Research instruments adopted included questionnaire, focus group discussion guide, document observation and unobtrusive observation of hand hygiene facilities. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), while focus group data and related online media materials were analyzed based on research themes. Findings showed that majority of the respondents (87.4%) admitted that the most common type of toilet facility was a water closet, followed by a pit latrine (13.7%) and open space (1.6%) for defecation. Although respondents were on average satisfied with the level of provision of running water in secondary schools in Lagos State, the majority considered the provision of wash hand basin to be very inadequate. Researchers therefore recommend improvement of structures and facilities relating to WASH in schoolls throughout Lagos State, Nigeria.
AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS AND HAND HYGIENE PRACTICE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Olatunji, Rotimi Williams; Taiwo, Noeem Thanny
Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development Vol. 6, No. 1
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Nigeria's low level of sanitation hygiene provoked the increasing prevalence and containment of infectious diseases such as bird flu, acute respiratory infections, Ebola, Lassa fever, polio, diarrheal, pneumonia, and dysentery. These diseases can attack vulnerable groups like children. Therefore, awareness of hand hygiene practices is still needed to prevent the spread of diseases. This study analyzed the exposure to campaign messages on hand washing and hand hygiene sanitation among secondary school students in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 620 students participated in the study and were selected through multi-stage sampling methods. Research instruments adopted included questionnaires and observation of hand hygiene facilities and practices among students. Quantitative data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings show that about 97% of respondents are aware of the need to wash their hands. Furthermore, interpersonal sources of information on hand hygiene available to respondents included parents and family members (58.9%), followed by medical officers (13.4%), public health campaign organizations (11.7%), and teachers (9.9%). The three most dominant influences on hand washing practice among respondents are parents (46.4%), teachers (23.3%), the media (14.5%), and private business organizations (12.1%) in that order. Based on the correlation coefficient (r = 0.256; p = 0.000), the study established a significant positive relationship between exposure to campaign messages and hand sanitation among the study group, indicating that exposure to hand sanitation messages positively influences good handwashing behavior among school children. This study has implications for government authorities, policymakers, and development partners on the need to engage traditional and new media channels to complement interpersonal sources of information to enhance proper hand sanitation among students in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African countries.