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Journal : Lowland Technology International

Geophysical Approach for Water Seepage Study in Near Surface Assessment T Adeeko; N.M Muztaza; M.T Zakaria; N.A Ismail; N Samsudin; A.A Bery; F. Ahmad
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal - Special Issue on: Engineering Geology
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Water seepage at urban area will affect the hydraulicconductivity and shear strength of soil that may causesubsurface problems such as landslides, sinkholes, cavities,ground subsidence and hazard to buildings. To delineateseepage pathways, geophysical data will be acquired. A studyhas been conducted at Penang to study the saturated zone,analyze the water flow directions and intensities to determinethe causes of localized near surface problems by using the 2-Dresistivity and self-potential (SP) methods. Five 2-D resistivitysurvey lines with minimum of 0.5 m electrode spacing wereexecuted using Pole-dipole array. The flow directions andintensities of the water were determined using self-potential(SP) method with interval spacing of 1 m. The inversion resultsshow the low resistivity value (1-100 Ωm) was dominant at thestudy area which was interpret as saturated zone. Resistivityvalue of 100-800 Ωm was interpret as alluvium. The resultdisplay by self-potential contour map shows the water flow fromhigher self-potential value (38 mV) towards the lower selfpotentialvalue (-22 mV) that is flow from west to east, which arerelated to seepage flow patterns, negative SP anomalies wererelated with subsurface seepage flow paths (recharge zone) andpositive SP anomalies were related with areas of seepageoutflow (discharge zone). Therefore, the two results have matchand show good correlation in water seepage investigation,which validates the results
Slope Failure Due to Effect of Damrey Typhoon in Penang Island F. Ahmad; A.S. Yahaya; M Azmi; N. Muztaza
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal - Special Issue on: Engineering Geology
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The monsoon season in month of November till December in2017 has left Penang Island in devastated conditions where, hillslope landslide, erosion and flood took place around Penang.This was a monsoon season, however these occurrences werenot normal and Penang has accounted many slope failure,building construction collapse and flash floods. A series of failureoccurred at the surrounding slope at USM has occurred over thepast 10 years and therefore remedial work were carry out toimprove the slope on site. During the seasonal rainfalls, the slopewas heavily eroded and all the trees and grouted slope whichwas in placed before, fail to sustain from the water movement.Then a series of Soil Resistivity test on site was then explored toforesee the major problems and to counter the stability. By doingthis investigation, the purpose is to understand, analyse andrectify the situation of slope failure. From this study, we haveconducted the soil mapping of the ground to further understandthe soil condition so that all the
Slope Stability Monitoring Using GSM Network System R.C. Omar; H. Taha; N.H.N Khalid; R. Roslan; I.N.Z. Baharuddin; F. Ahmad
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal - Special Issue on: Engineering Geology
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Slope failure due to slope instability can initiate landslides whichmay result in loss of lives, property, infrastructures and economicloss. There are many factors that trigger slope failure such asrainfall, hydrological condition, groundwater level and geologicalformation of the slope area. However, slope failures can beprevented by monitoring high risk slopes using geotechnicalinstruments and electronic sensors. In this study, an early warningsystem was developed to immediately alert the authority and themanagement on slope stability by installing selected slopemonitoring instruments at high risk slopes with infrastructures.Slope monitoring system using wireless network is an effectivemethod to monitor the condition of slopes especially theinaccessible slopes in unsafe areas. By applying this system, themanagement can reduce cost, human resources and time onslope maintenance that can efficiently notify themaintenance team on potential unsafe slopes or slope failures
Evaluation of Rock Slope Deterioration Based on Granite and Schist Rock Slopes R. Roslan; R.C. Omar; H. Taha; I.N.Z. Baharuddin; F. Ahmad
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal - Special Issue on: Engineering Geology
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The problems of slope instability can be related to the terrainfactors and weather. In Malaysia, slope failures and landslidesare very common due to prolonged monsoon rainfalls. Theconsequences of slope instability can be hazardous to lifeincluding economic damages and costly repairs. The study wasaimed to determine the physical and mechanical properties ofthe rock slope material from selected sites. Several testsincluding field observations were performed to analyze theengineering characteristic and physical properties of this Schistrock slope and Granite rock slope. The rock samples wereclassified into various weathering grades based on variations inthese properties. Scan line methods were applied to obtain themeasurement data. Direct discontinuity surveys were carried outin interval of 10 m. Laboratory tests on the samples were donethat include two cycles of slake durability, Schmidt hammer test,point load test, petrography test, density test and direct shearbox test. The analysis on each rock types showed that theamphibolite Schist at Putrajaya has the highest rock strengthwith a uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) 487.97 Mpa which isclassified as extremely strong rock. By comparison, the UCSvalue of Granite was 267.28MPa and classified as strong rock
Slope Instability Evaluation Using Geophysical Methods of Gua Musang-Cameron Highland Highway M.T Zakaria; N.M Muztaza; H. Zabidi; F. Ahmad; T.O Adeeko; N Ismail; N Samsudin
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal - Special Issue on: Engineering Geology
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Slope failure is a complex phenomenon that may trigger theoccurrence of slope failure due to several factors. The internalstructures and mechanical properties of subsurface areimportant parameters to investigate as a pre-requisite analysis.Four parallel survey lines of 2-D resistivity and two lines ofseismic refraction were designed in order to achieve theobjectives. The model shows the resistivity values covered of 1-4000 Ωm with investigation depth of 20 m. Highly weatheredzones were identified at values of 400-450 Ωm while saturatedzones with values of <100 Ωm. The high resistivity regions withvalues of 1500-2500 Ωm indicates the weathered granite for thisarea. The 2-D seismic refraction model shows velocity valuesranging between 200-2800 m/s and depth coverage about 30 m.The result interpreted as 3 layer cases with 1st layer, 2nd layer,and 3rd layer identified at velocity of 400-600 m/s, 800-1400 m/sand >2000 m/s respectively. The low resistivity and velocityindicate as highly fractured/crack zones which able to decreasesthe shear strength of the slope soils and increases the hydraulicconductivity of the soils. The saturated zone and infiltration withthe existence of boulders indicates the factor for the occurrenceof slope failure.