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Ilman, Atika Bashirati
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Tinjauan atas Murine Typhus Ilman, Atika Bashirati; Hanifa, Rizka
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 47, No 2 (2020): Penyakit Infeksi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (146.923 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v47i2.353

Abstract

Murine typhus (typhus endemik) merupakan penyakit demam yang disebabkan Rickettsia typhi. Vektor utama adalah kutu tikus Xenopsylla cheopis. Murine typhus sulit didiagnosis karena gejala klinis tidak spesifik berupa trias gejala utama: demam, nyeri kepala, dan ruam kulit kemerahan (rash), serta gejala lain seperti menggigil, myalgia, dan malaise. Diagnosis definitif berdasarkan hasil tes darah dengan IFA (Immunofluorescence Assay). Terapi harus dimulai tanpa menunggu konfirmasi diagnosis laboratorium. Doksisiklin merupakan obat pilihan (drug of choice). Cara terbaik pencegahan adalah meminimalkan pajanan vektor dengan membatasi kontak hewan pengerat dan kutu, menjaga kebersihan diri, menurunkan populasi hewan pengerat. Murine typhus is caused by Rickettsia typhii. The main vector of murine typhus is rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis). Diagnosis is difficult because clinical features are not specific, such as fever, headache and rash. Chills, myalgia and malaise can also be found. Definitive diagnosis is based on IFA (Immunofluorescence Assay). Treatment should be started immediately. Doxycycline is the drug of choice. The best prevention is to minimalize contact with rodents and flea, improve self-hygiene, and pesticide use to decrease rodent population.
Co-Authors Hanifa, Rizka