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Studying the influence of guava fruitghurt on Escherichia coli coloniesin rats’ digestive tracts K. P. Dewi, Ania; D Mahendra, Gilang; Ambarukmi, Fransiska
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
Publisher : ACTA Medical Health Sciences

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Abstract

A balanced microbiota can play a role in the host's defense mechanism against pathogenic infections. E. coli is a harmless and beneficial commensal. An increase in bacteria will change their nature to become pathogens that can cause gastrointestinal disease, such as diarrhea. The management of such condition can be managed in several ways, including the consumption of probiotics. Fruitghurt is a variant of yogurt that is made using fruit juice. L. acidophilus is resistant to stomach acid; it can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and can maintain the number of live bacteria up to 107/ml. The research design used was experimental. The research subjects were white rats (Rattus norvegicus), with the Wistar strain as many as 27 rats. They were divided into 3 groups: 1. K (-),a negative control group that was not induced by E. coli and was not given fruitghurt; 2. K (+)a positive control group that was given E.coli, but not treated by fruitghurt; and 3. P1, the treatment group that was induced with E.coli and treated by fruitghurt. The results showed that guava fruitghurt could reduce E. coli colonies. The number of E. coli colonies after being given fruitghurt was 161, while in the rats that were not given fruitghurt, there were 258 colonies. Guava fruitghurt can reduce E. coli because of the flavonoid, tannin, and polyphenol contents found in red guava, which act as  protein coagulators, antibacterials, and toxins, as well as L. acidophilus bacteria that can inhibit the growth and attachment of pathogenic bacteria in the digestive tract and inhibit the spread of pathogenic bacteria. DOI : 10.35990/amhs.v2n2.p73-80 REFERENCE Bagcchi S. WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report 2022. Lancet Microbe. 2023;4(1):e20. Pandey D, Yadav A. Efficacy of gene xpert over other diagnostic modalities of tuberculosis among children. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2019;6(4):1545-51. Shi J, Dong W, Ma Y, Liang Q, Shang Y, Wang F, et al. GeneXpert MTB/RIF Outperforms Mycobacterial Culture in Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Salivary Sputum. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1514381. Mechal Y, Benaissa E, El Mrimar N, Benlahlou Y, Bssaibis F, Zegmout A, et al. Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF system performances in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):1069. Mukhida S, Vyawahare CR, Mirza SB, Gandham NR, Khan S, Kannuri S, et al. Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. Tzu Chi Med J. 2022;34(4):418-22. Vassall A, Siapka M, Foster N, Cunnama L, Ramma L, Fielding K, et al. Cost-effectiveness of Xpert MTB/RIF for tuberculosis diagnosis in South Africa: a real-world cost analysis and economic evaluation. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5(7):e710-e9. Khumsri J, Hanvoravongchai P, Hiransuthikul N, Chuchottaworn C. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Xpert MTB/RIF for Multi-Outcomes of Patients With Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Thailand. Value Health Reg Issues. 2020;21:264-71. World Health Organization. Automated Real-Time Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF Assay for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary TB in Adults and Children: Policy Update. Geneva: WHO; 2013. Chakraborty A, Ramaswamy S, Shivananjiah AJ, Puttaswamy RB, Chikkavenkatappa N. The role of genexpert in the diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion in India. Adv Respir Med. 2019;87(5):276-80. Directorate General of Prevention and Disease Control. Tuberculosis Control in Indonesia 2022. Jakarta: Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia; 2022. Gurung SC, Dixit K, Rai B, Dhital R, Paudel PR, Acharya S, et al. 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An analysis of differences in kellgren-lawrence scores between patients with knee osteoarthritis and class II obesity versus those without obesity Ambarukmi, Fransiska; Kusumah, Djoni; Dewi, Herfani H
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Acta Medical and Health Sciences
Publisher : ACTA Medical Health Sciences

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Abstract

Individuals with overweight or obesity are at a higher risk of developing knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared to those with a normal body mass index (BMI). This increased risk is attributed to metabolic effects and the excessive mechanical load on the joint, which escalates with weight gain. Previous studies have established a correlation between the higher BMI and increased severity of joint damage in patients with knee OA. This analytic, comparative study utilized cross-sectional design to investigate the difference in Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) Score between patients with and without obesity who have knee osteoarthritis (OA) The analysis was conducted using secondary data from medical records and knee X-rays at Cianjur General District Hospital during 2020. A total of 50 patients were included, with 25 patients in each group (OA with obesity and OA without obesity). The majority of participants were female (80%), aged 56-65 years old (52%), and had a BMI classified as class II obesity (50%). KL Score ranged from grade 1 to 3. Data analysis using the non-parametric Mann- Whitney U test revealed a statistically significant difference in KL Score between the two groups (pvalue=0.000). The increased mechanical stress associated with obesity is hypothesized to be a causative agent that aggravates joint damage, as evidenced by the more severe degree of the Kellgren- Lawrence Score in the obese population. In conclusion, a significant difference in the severity of OA Genu degree, based on the Kellgren-Lawrence scoring system, was found between obese and non-obese patients. DOI : 10.35990/amhs.v4n1.p26-34 REFERENCES Kulkarni K, Karssiens T, Kumar V, Pandit H. Obesity and osteoarthritis. Maturitas [Internet]. 2016;89:22–8. 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