Saputra, I Made Gede Nesa
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Hindu Political Thought and Plato’s View of Democracy in Indonesia Saputra, I Made Gede Nesa
Jurnal Review Politik Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jrp.2025.15.1.146-164

Abstract

Politics is a main pillar in national life, but political practices in Indonesia often deviate from public orientation and favor the interests of the oligarchy. This condition reveals a gap between the political ideal as a means of serving the people and the political reality, which tends to be pragmatic and manipulative. This research fills a gap in the study connecting classical Western political criticism with ethical values in the Hindu tradition. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive-analytical approach through a study of the texts Ramayana, Mahabharata, Arthasastra, Nitisastra, and Negarakertagama, as well as Plato's thoughts on the vulnerability of democracy to oligarchy. The research results show that politics in the Hindu paradigm emphasizes service (sevanam), while Plato's criticism reflects the dangers of oligarchy in democracy. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of these two perspectives to offer a more ethical reflective framework for understanding and correcting the dynamics of contemporary Indonesian politics.
- TANTRAISME : MENGKONSTRUKSI KESADARAN TRANSENDENTAL MELALUI RITUAL INTIM EROTIS: - Redi, I Wayan; Saputra, I Made Gede Nesa
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v16i1.4762

Abstract

The phenomenon of sexual deviation is rampant as a form of refinement of the occurrence of various immoral cases in the world. In fact, the phenomenon of sexual deviation often occurs in environments or institutions that are labeled as religious. This happens because of the cult of taboo terms in sexuality which until now has been understood by humanity collectively. This indicates that there has been a polarization of thought that has occurred since ancient times, which distinguishes the corridors of spirituality and sexuality in a thick barrier. In this case, sexuality becomes something that is destructive and has negative connotations. Likewise with Tantra, which is always given negative connotations because its teachings contain sexual concepts as a form of ritual. To obtain valid and comprehensive data, this paper uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, meaning that this research is carried out by analyzing and describing various data obtained through the collection of data that has been collected, then synthesizing the data, namely through the process of sorting and selecting various relevant data so as to be able to produce an accurate research synthesis. In its development, Tantra is viewed in two conflicting paradigms, so it needs to be studied in the dialectic of thought, because Tantra is a teaching that has gone global, and the term Tantra has become familiar in human development socially. In this paper, a holistic understanding of Tantra is presented as a medium for constructing transcendental consciousness through erotic rituals. In the view of Tantra, sexuality is one of the efforts to achieve freedom because the teachings of Tantra are not only defined as limited to sexual or biological activities, but there are divine values ​​in them. As a factual form, Tantra spirituality is the compounding of the elements of kama petak and kama bang into Kama Dewa (Ongkara), which in the semiotic view is understood as a state of God that is full of tranquility and without attachment to the elements of awidya.