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All Journal Sustainable Urban Development and Environmental Impact Journal
Kristiadi, Yusuf
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Environmental Science Public Health Social Sciences

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The impact of economic growth on urbanization, transmigration, employment opportunities, and urban population in the context of middle-income trap (a case study of Padang, West Sumatra) Kristiadi, Yusuf; Herdiansyah, Herdis
Sustainable Urban Development and Environmental Impact Journal Vol. 1 No. 2: (Agustus) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/sudeij.v1i2.2024.1100

Abstract

Introduction: Padang, West Sumatra is especially concerned in this article where the causal effects between the economic growth, urbanization, transmigration, employment, Middle-Income Trap are explored. This study enhances the understanding of interdependencies of factors affecting economic growth, employment opportunities and urban population in Padang, and offers practical guidelines in managing the issues encountered by the city. Methods: In conducting this study, quantitative research method known as System Dynamics method is employed and in addition to this a literature study as a qualitative method is also conducted to have an overall understanding about the system dynamics of the various factors that affect the economic growth, employment opportunities and the population in Padang city. Findings: The findings also indicate that economic growth enhances the welfare of the of the urban residents while it degrades the employment probability. Although there are great gains on the economic aspect, the unemployment rate is not remarkable which means that it continues to be high. This can be attributed to the middle income trap which shows that the Padang economic growth does not translate to improved employment rate. Conclusion: For Padang to avoid falling into middle income trap as well as employment problem the government should take the challenges of job creation and better quality jobs in the formal sector, improve the quality of education and training and promote innovation and creativity. Moreover, the government is required the key causes which led to unemployment levels like poverty and income inequality, the poverty reduction policies is compulsory on the countryside.
Environmental carrying capacity modeling using system dynamics in the context of smart sustainable city: Jakarta case study Kristiadi, Yusuf; Herdiansyah, Herdis
Sustainable Urban Development and Environmental Impact Journal Vol. 1 No. 2: (Agustus) 2024
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/sudeij.v1i2.2024.1205

Abstract

Introduction: In Jakarta, rapid urbanization and population increase have led to serious environmental problems such air pollution, water scarcity, and land degradation. Excessive economic activity and population growth are placing pressure on the city's environmental carrying capacity, which is leading to a decline in living standards and an increase in demand on natural resources. Green open space in Jakarta has decreased significantly, currently at 9.8%, below the minimum requirement of 30%. Methods: This study uses a system dynamics approach to assess Jakarta’s environmental carrying capacity in the context of a sustainable city.  Finding: The study shows that Jakarta’s land carrying capacity has decreased since 2018, with indications that water carrying capacity will decrease by 2032 if Jakarta do business as usual. Future scenario suggest that reducing the rate of land turnover and improving water flow will significantly improve the city’s environmental sustainability. For example, reducing land change by 20-40% can restore land carrying capacity by 2040. Conclusion: By implementing policies that focus on reducing land change and improving water infrastructure, Jakarta can improve the quality of life and quality of life for its residents. The novelty of this study is that it integrates the concept of smart sustainable cities with system dynamics modelling to assess environmental sustainability and provides a comprehensive framework that can be adapted by other cities facing similar challenges. The report highlights gaps in current practices, such as the need to better integrate water and green space infrastructure, advanced technologies for water management, and overall land restoration strategies.  
Co-Authors Herdis Herdiansyah