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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Narra J
Sultana, Sharmin
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Correlation of Antioxidant Properties Between Immature and Mature Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Fruits Nazri, Miza Badriah; Azlan, Azrina; Sultana, Sharmin; Yahya, Rozita
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 1, March 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i1.13351

Abstract

This study aimed to assess and compare the antioxidant activity and content (total flavonoid levels and total phenolic) of mature and immature okra. The antioxidant activity of okra fruits was assayed using four methods, namely: Aluminium Chloride Colorimetric assay, Folin-Ciocalteu assay, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRAP) assays. The immature, mature, and very mature okra samples (less than 8 days, 10-15 days, and more than 20 days, respectively) were extracted using two different solvents (65% ethanol and water). The sample that was extracted with mature ethanol had the highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) at 21.564 ± 1.635 mg GAE/g, while the sample that was extracted with extremely mature ethanol had the highest TFC at 54.391 ± 8.224 mg QE/g. The mature 65% ethanolic extracted sample showed the lowest IC50 value of DPPH scavenging activity (0.920± 0.096 mg/ml), and the mature ethanol extracted sample had the highest FRAP value (232.018± 5.337 μmol Fe2+/g). These studies showed that ethanolic extracts of mature Abelmoschus esculentus had higher antioxidant content and activity than okra water extracts. Based on the DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay revealed favourable associations between TPC (r = 0.860), TFC (r = 0.742), and antioxidant activity as evaluated by FRAP, demonstrating that both phenolics and flavonoids contributed to the extract’s antioxidant properties. Both TPC and TFC showed negative correlations with IC50 values (r = -0.766, r = -0.650, respectively). In conclusion, the mature okra fruits extracted with 65% ethanol give higher antioxidant content than the water extracts of okra fruits and potentially be used as a source of antioxidants rather than be discarded.
Antioxidant Properties of Lemuni Leaves (Vitex trifolia var. purpurea) in Different Concentrations of Ethanol-Water Solvent Extraction Goh, Wei Wen; Sultana, Sharmin; Azlan, Azrina
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 2, July 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i2.13357

Abstract

Vitex trifolia var. purpurea leaves (Lemuni leaves) is considered as a traditional medicine due to their antioxidant property. The antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves depends on the concentration of ethanol-water solvent. Therefore, this current study intended to identify the antioxidant activity of Lemuni leaves (Vitex trifolia var. purpurea) in different concentrations of ethanol-water solvent extraction. Four ethanol-water concentrations were prepared (water extract (0% ethanol), 25% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and 75% ethanol extract). The antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminium chloride calorimetric method while 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay were used to measure the antioxidant activities of the extracts. The experimental results showed that 75% ethanol extract had the highest (p<0.05) total phenolic content (94.69 ± 4.75mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoid content (30.76 ± 2.85mg QE/g DW) significantly. The 75% ethanol extract also had the significantly lowest (p<0.05) IC50 value for DPPH (3.56 ± 0.11 mg/mL) and ABTS (2.01 ± 0.05 mg/mL) assays. Strong correlations were discovered between the total flavonoid content, total phenolic content with antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves at different ethanol-water ratio by DPPH (r= -0.816; r= -0.824) and ABTS assays (r= -0.929; r= -0.920).The significantly elevated antioxidant properties of the 75% ethanol extract suggest promising applications in health supplements, pharmaceuticals, skincare products, biomedical research, and commercial ventures.
Pharmaceutical quality evaluation of marketed vildagliptin tablets in Bangladesh based on the United States Pharmacopeia specifications Islam, Md. Rabiul; Daria, Sohel; Ankhi, Arjina A.; Sultana, Sharmin; Rahman, Md. Ashrafur
Narra J Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i2.84

Abstract

Continuous monitoring of pharmaceutical products is vital because it matters to human health. Here we aimed to assess the quality parameters of commercially available vildagliptin tablets in Bangladesh. We tested the tablets for the content uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration, dissolution, and potency. Then, we fitted the dissolution data with kinetic models to investigate the release pattern of the studied brands. Moreover, we applied a mathematical model-independent approach to compare the dissolution profiles of the brands. The interchangeability was determined using difference and similarity factors. Weight variation, friability, and hardness were between 150.35±1.26 to 230.8±1.98 mg, 0 to 0.88%, and 47.3±5.09 to 108.1±1.92 N, respectively. All tablets disintegrated within 0.54±2.85 to 7.69±2.14 min in distilled water. The potency of tablets in 0.1 N HCl and PBS (pH 6.8) were between 97.67±2.58 to 105±0.95% and 99±4.63 to 105±1.65%, respectively. The drug release (%) in 0.1 N HCl and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH 6.8) after 60 min were between 99.37±1.80 to 111.09±0.64% and 96.59±3.52 to 109.57±0.53%, respectively. All the brands complied with the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specification for physicochemical properties. Also, we observed the drug release patterns of vildagliptin tablets matched with different kinetic models. We found only one substitutable brand with the standard product regardless of the dissolution medium. In-vitro chemical equivalence is not always consistent with bioequivalence. Therefore, continuous evaluation of marketed products is essential to ensure the desired quality.
Co-Authors Ankhi, Arjina A. Azlan, Azrina Daria, Sohel Goh, Wei Wen Md. Rabiul Islam Nazri, Miza Badriah Rahman, Md. Ashrafur Yahya, Rozita