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M. ARIANI
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education Physics

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Neutronic Design of Uranium-Plutonium Nitride Fuel-Based Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) Novalianda, S.; Ariani, M.; Monado, F.; Su’ud, Z.
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpfi.v14i2.6602

Abstract

This study presents the calculation results of the cell, and core Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) based fuel Uranium-Plutonium Nitride (U, Pu)N. Parameter survey results of calculations of the fuel cell consisting of a kinf, burnup level, and the conversion ratio and for the calculation of the reactor core produce value keff during a refueling cycle. The calculation was performed by using a set of SRAC program by comparing three types of fuel cell designs. Reactor Design A based on natural uranium could not reach criticality because of keff < 1. Design B used the enrichment of uranium-235 by 9.5% to reach a critical condition at keff > 1. The critical state was also achieved by Design C utilizing natural uranium, and plutonium 5.5% result value keff = 1.015 in the first year of burnup and continues to increase 1.083 in the tenth year without refueling. Moreover, plutonium can replace the uranium enrichment process.Penelitian ini menyajikan hasil perhitungan sel dan teras gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) berbasis bahan bakar Uranium- Plutonium Nitride (U,Pu)N. Parameter Survey untuk hasil perhitungan sel bahan bakar terdiri dari kinf, level burnup, dan conversion ratio. Sedangkan pada perhitungan teras reaktor dihasilkan nilai keff untuk satu siklus pengisian bahan bakar. Perhitungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan seperangkat program SRAC dengan membandingkan tiga jenis desain sel bahan bakar yang berbeda. Reaktor Desain A berbasis uranium alam tidak mencapai kekritisan karena keff < 1. Desain B menggunakan pengayaan uranium-235 sebesar 9,5% mencapai kondisi kritis pada keff > 1. Keadaan kritis juga dicapai oleh Desain C yang memanfaatkan uranium alam dan plutonium 5,5% menghasilkan nilai keff = 1,015 di tahun pertama burnup dan terus meningkat hingga 1,083 pada tahun kesepuluh tanpa pengisian ulang bahan bakar. Pemanfaatan plutonium sebagai bahan bakar dapat menggantikan proses pengayaan pada uranium.
CARBON EMISSION AND ABSORPTION OF AMELIORANT AMENDMENTS IN PEAT SOIL PADDY RICE SUSILAWATI, H.L.; SETYANTO, P.; ARIANI, M.
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 34 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n34.2011.26-32

Abstract

Agricultural land extensification on peat land is one solution to fulfill national needed on food. Peat soil contains organic matter therefore it becomes one source of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), i.e. Dioxide carbon (CO2), metahne (CH4), and NO2. Land use for agricultural activities will change the natural condition of peat soil. The changes could increase GHG emissions. One way to reduce GHG emissions and to increase rice production in peat soils is by adding of ameliorant. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ameliorant on carbon balance at peat soil paddy rice. The experiment was conducted at research station of Agricultural Environmental Research Institute in 2008. Samples of peat soil as much as 8 tons was carried from South Kalimantan and placed into 12 microplots. The size of microplot was 1.5 x 1.5 x 0.8 m. Experimental design used randomized block design with four treatments: control, dolomite 2 t ha-1, rice straw 2 t ha-1 and animal manure 2 t ha-1 which was repeated three times. Rice variety was Batanghari and transplanted at age 21 days after seeding. Fluxes of CH4 were measured automatically using GC which equipped with FID (Flame Ionization Detector). Emissions of CO2 and N2O were measured manually using GC which equipped with ECD detector (electron capture detector) and TCD (thermal conductivity detector). The content of organic carbon in plants was determined by dichromate oxidation technique-titration. The lowest of net carbon/ carbon budget is animal manure treatment: 4,962.0 kg-C ha-1 followed by dolomite, without ameliorant, and rice straw: 5,270.2; 9,534.7; and 10,115.6 kg-C/ha respectively. The highest yield is rice straw, followed by dolomite, without ameliorant and manure: 4.98, 4.92, 4.69, and 4.54 t ha-1 respectively. Dolomite treatment has the highest ratio of yield GWP-1 : 933.58 kg of yield/ton of CO2-C followed by animal manure 913.30 kg of yield /ton of CO2-C, without ameliorant and rice straw: 492.13 and 491.59 kg of yield/ton of CO2-C respectively.
Nitrous Oxide Emission on Cropland Management System in Rainfed Rice Field M. ARIANI; R. KARTIKAWATI; P. SETYANTO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 34 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n34.2011.33-39

Abstract

Organic material application for cultivated crops is assumed to be improving the activity of denitrification microbe and N2O emission. Natural N2O emission can increase due to agricultural activity. This activity directly adds the nitrogen input into soil and can be converted into N2O form. The amount of 1,25% N applied into soil as organic manure was transformed into N2O. This research objective is to study the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from rainfed ricefield with various crop management system. This research was conducted at Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute (IAERI) in RS 2009 and designed in Randomized Block Design replicated three times with six treatments, ie. (1) Non-Integrated Crop Management (Non ICM)/control ; with anorganic fertilizer as farmer’s suggestion (120 kg ha-1 N, 90 kg ha-1 P, and 90 kg ha-1 K); without organic materials; continuous irrigation (continously flooded), seeds 25 DAS and plant distance 20 x 20 cm. : (2) Non-ICM/Control ; equal to treatment 1 but using the intermittent irrigation; (3) ICM with the continous irrigation, young seed (15 DAS) one seed per hole, fertilization pursuant to schema of leaf colour chart (BWD), organic materials equal to 2 ton / ha, continuous irrigation (continously flooded) and legowo planting system with legowo 2:1 (20-10 cm) x 40 cm. (4) ICM; equal to treatment 3 but using the intermittent irrigation (5) SRI with the intermittent irrigation; organic manure equal to 15 t ha-1, young seed 15 DAS, without anorganic fertilization and plant distance 30 x 30 cm; (6) Semi-SRI, equal to treatment 5 but with half of farmer’s dosage of anorganic fertilizer, with the intermittent irrigation. The result shows that the highest N2O emission yielded by treatment Non ICM equal to 0.23 kg ha-1 season-1 followed by treatment continuously flooded ICM , Non ICM intermitten,SRI intermitten, Semi SRI Intermitten and ICM intermitten 0.22; 0.21; 0.18; 0.13; and 0.10 kg ha-1 season-1 respectively. While, the highest rice yield is gained from treatment Non ICM Intermittent that is equal to 7.99 t ha-1, followed successively treatment of ICM Intermitten, ICM continuously flooded, Non ICM continuously flooded, Semi SRI intermitten and SRI intermitten each of 7.83; 7.42; 7.28; 6.20; and 4.74 t ha-1
Co-Authors H.L. SUSILAWATI Monado, F. P. SETYANTO P. Setyanto R. KARTIKAWATI Sari Novalianda Su’ud, Z.