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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
Jan Mohamed, Hamid Jan
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Health Professions

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Higher Parental Age and Lower Educational Level are Associated with Underweight among Preschool Children in Terengganu, Malaysia Mohamad, Rose Haniza; Abdul Hakim, Bibi Nabihah; Mitra, Amal K.; Shahril, Mohd. Razif; Wan Mohamed, Wan Mohd. Izani; Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa; Burgermaster, Marissa; Jan Mohamed, Hamid Jan
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 17 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.153 KB) | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.11-18

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the determinants of underweight among preschool children. A total of 218 preschool children were enrolled. Their sociodemographic data were collected using self-reported questionnaires whilst body weight and height were measured, recorded and the BMI for-age z-score was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software. Of all preschool children participants, 47.7% were male and 53.3% were female. Most of them were Malays (99.5%), aged 4 to <5 years (40.8%) and came from low-income household (92.7%). Overall, the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight and obese was 17.9%, 73.8%, 4.6% and 3.7% respectively. The underweight prevalence was higher than the national prevalence (13.7%). Of all parent participants, 12.4% were male and 87.6% were female. Most of them aged 30−39 years (55.5%) and did not hold a degree (89.4%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that parental age and their level of education were the determinants of childhood underweight. The risk of being underweight increased with the age of parents (p=0.033) and lower level of education of parents (p=0.042). In conclusion, this study found that underweight among preschool children was mainly associated with parental factors. Hence, designing a special nutritional intervention program involving older parents and lower education levels could overcome this problem.
Validity and Reproducibility of Malaysian Food Frequency Questionnaire for Dietary Intake Related to Colorectal Cancer Abd Rashid, Ainaa Almardhiyah; Ashari, Lydiatul Shima; Shafiee, Nor Hamizah; Raja Ali, Raja Affendi; Yeong Yeh , Lee; Shahril, Mohd Razif; Jan Mohamed, Hamid Jan
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (509.991 KB) | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2022.17.2.77-86

Abstract

This study aims to report on the validity and reproducibility of a 142-food item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary factors related to colorectal cancer among Malaysians. Population aged 30 to 70 years from two cities of Peninsular Malaysia were recruited through voluntary participation. A semi-quantitative FFQ was modified from an established FFQ used in the national survey. It includes specific questions to measure the consumption of food sources related to colorectal cancer development. FFQ was administered two times in two weeks to evaluate reproducibility (FFQ1 and FFQ2). Then the validity was assessed by comparing FFQ against the 3-day Food Record method (FR). A total of 100 respondents (mean age 50.6 years) provided data for both validity and reproducibility. The FFQ had significantly higher estimates of most nutrients and food groups’ intake than the FR. The Spearman correlation showed moderate agreement between FFQ and FR while moderate to strong correlation between FFQs. The limit of agreement between both methods using Bland Altman plot was acceptable or both validity and reproducibility. The classification into the same and adjacent quartiles was between 62 to 75% for validity and 77 to 89% for reproducibility assessment. Overall, the validity was satisfactory and reproducibility of the FFQ was good for estimating absolute nutrient and food group intakes. Hence, the FFQ could be used as a valid tool for assessing dietary intake among Malaysians to study dietaryfactors related to colorectal cancer risk.
Co-Authors Abd Rashid, Ainaa Almardhiyah Abdul Hakim, Bibi Nabihah Ashari, Lydiatul Shima Burgermaster, Marissa Mitra, Amal K. Mohamad, Rose Haniza Raja Ali, Raja Affendi Shafiee, Nor Hamizah Shahril, Mohd Razif Shahril, Mohd. Razif Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Wan Mohamed, Wan Mohd. Izani Yeong Yeh , Lee