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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Ehab Abdul Razzaq Hussein
University of Babylon
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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A mitigation of channel crosstalk effect in dispersion shifted fiber based on durability of modulation technique Ali Shaban; Murad Obaid Abed; Ehab Abdul Razzaq Hussein; H. J. Abd
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 10, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1273.764 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp891-899

Abstract

In fiber optics the Four Wave Mixing (FWM) has the harmful effect of an optical transmission system that can severely limit Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and reduce the transmission aptness. This work preset the durability of the different modulation format was tested to FWM by using Dispersion Shifted Fiber (DSF). Moreover, the performance of the proposed system is surveyed by changing the fiber length and applying an information rate of 200 Gb/s. The experimental results show that the FWM capacity has decreased significantly by more than 14 dB when applying Return to Zero (RZ) modulation form. In addition, in terms of the propsed system performance in the first channel and with 700 km distance, it was observed that the lower Bit Error Rate (BER) in the normal RZ modulation is equal to 1.3×10-13. As well as it is noticeable when applied the Non Return to Zero (NRZ), the Modified Duobinary Return to Zero (MDRZ) and Gaussian modulation, the system performance will be quickly changed and getting worse, where the BERs increased to 1.3×10-4, 1.3×10-6 and 1.3×10-2 consecutively at same channel and for the same parameters.
Design secure multi-level communication system based on duffing chaotic map and steganography Aliaa Sadoon Abd; Ehab Abdul Razzaq Hussein
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 25, No 1: January 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i1.pp238-246

Abstract

Cryptography and steganography are among the most important sciences that have been properly used to keep confidential data from potential spies and hackers. They can be used separately or together. Encryption involves the basic principle of instantaneous conversion of valuable information into a specific form that unauthorized persons will not understand to decrypt it. While steganography is the science of embedding confidential data inside a cover, in a way that cannot be recognized or seen by the human eye. This paper presents a high-resolution chaotic approach applied to images that hide information. A more secure and reliable system is designed to properly include confidential data transmitted through transmission channels. This is done by working the use of encryption and steganography together. This work proposed a new method that achieves a very high level of hidden information based on non-uniform systems by generating a random index vector (RIV) for hidden data within least significant bit (LSB) image pixels. This method prevents the reduction of image quality. The simulation results also show that the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is up to 74.87 dB and the mean square error (MSE) values is up to 0.0828, which sufficiently indicates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Co-Authors Ali Shaban Aliaa Sadoon Abd H. J. Abd Murad Obaid Abed