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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Azita Laily Yusof
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Enhanced direct sequence spread spectrum (eDSSS) Method to Mitigate SINR mismatch in LTE-Wi-Fi integrated networks Azita Laily Yusof; Ainnur Eiza Azhar; Norsuzila Ya'acob
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 10, No 3: June 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (659.544 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2644-2650

Abstract

Demand of data usage and increase of subscribers in Long Term Evolution (LTE) has urged Third Group Partnership Project (3GPP) to find a solution of traffic data growth. In Release 12, the 3GPP introduced Wi-Fi as an alternative to ease the heavy traffic at the LTE base station in dense areas. In contrary with the traffic offloading, Wi-Fi users suffer the worst network degradation because of co-channel interference at frequency 2.4GHz due to collided with LTE band 40. Interference management in LTE-Wi-Fi integrated network is crucial as it affect user’s experiences and services. In this paper, we enhanced a method which is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) to improve user’s performance in LTE-Wi-Fi network. The DSSS has advantages such as more robust and ability to expand to higher data rates. We introduce a new coefficient called as chip rate coefficient (α) to investigate Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR) expression for User Equipments (UEs) in LTE-Wi-Fi networks. The simulation results discovered that proposed α with value of 0.2 gave the optimum improvement of SINR for LTE and Wi-Fi users. By modifying the SINR expression of the standard DSSS, SINR values at MUE and WUE show better improvement with 4.69% and 17.94%, respectively.
Self-select target neighboring base station assisted handover for natural disaster in LTE-A network Azita Laily Yusof; Ainnur Eiza Azhar; Norsuzila Ya’acob
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 19, No 1: July 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i1.pp309-316

Abstract

This paper presents Self-Select Target Neighboring Base Station Assisted Handover for Natural Disaster in LTE-A Network. In this study, two parameters have been introduced which are known as received signal strength of user (RSS) and left over power of base station (LoP) in order to maintained good QoS of UE and prolong battery life of base station when there is power outage. A distance fraction coefficient (α) with value 0.2 has been introduced to RSS expression to improve the signal strength by reducing the area that the UE’s covered. Both parameters are used to calculate weighted-average score (WAS) for selection of potential target base station to avoid more users to connect to the affected base station. From the results, sRSS=0.8 gave the highest WAS with value of WAS=0.84 for users from 1 to 100 compares to other value of sRSS. Moreover, by using no natural disaster condition as reference, Condition 1 (wRSS=80%, wLoP=20% ) with the lowest percentage of improvement (3.75%.) will be chosen as handover condition as it near to base station, avoid overloaded users to the affected base station, hence prolong battery life as it only use 20% of battery usage.
Performance evaluation of UE-controlled intelligent handover algorithm for natural disaster Azita Laily Yusof; Ainnur Eiza Azhar; Norsuzila Ya’acob
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 20, No 1: October 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp24-30

Abstract

This paper proposes a UE-controlled intelligent handover algorithm for natural disaster. In this handover algorithm, two variables known as modified received signal strength (RSSm) and left over power (LoP) are identified. The RSSm is an improved formulation from RSS where distance fraction coefficient has been introduced. The fraction coefficient of 0.2 is used where the affected areas is reduced so that the users can receive good signal quality due to its location near to the base station. Meanwhile, the LoP also has been investigated to control power consumption of base station. In this research, 80% RSSm and 20% LoP has been chosen for the proposed handover algorithm as it can maintain good quality of service (QoS) for all users and also can prolong battery life.  From the simulation results obtained, the average number of handovers for the proposed handover algorithm outperformed the conventional natural disaster handover algorithm.
Co-Authors Ainnur Eiza Azhar Ainnur Eiza Azhar Norsuzila Ya'acob Norsuzila Ya’acob Norsuzila Ya’acob