Suraya Abdulwahab Afiff
Departemen Antropologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Politik, Universitas Indonesia

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Perjuangan Pengakuan Hak Kelola Lahan bagi Pengungsi Aceh di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Doni Latuparisa; Suraya Abdulwahab Afiff
Umbara Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/umbara.v6i2.35903

Abstract

Gunung Leuser national park covers an area of 830,268.95 hectares which has been designated as a national park since 1980. It has been managed by the Indonesian government through Gunung Leuser National Park Center. Ecological zonation systems have been implemented in the management. However, since about 1999, groups of refugees who escaped from the Aceh conflict have resided in the national park. They transformed the dry or bush landscape which is designated for conservation area into settlements, as well as rubber and oil palm plantations. The national park authority considers their activities illegal. While the refugees, after 20 years of their activities in the park, consider themselves to have the rights to cultivate the land.  They have attempted various ways to legalize their settlement and right to cultivate the area inside the park. This qualitative study aims at describing the tenurial conflict faced by refugees residing in the Gunung Leuser national park. Data were collected through interviews and participant observation. The study found the violence and harsh tension in regards to this tenurial conflict. On one hand, the refugees fight for their livelihood in the park. On the other hand, the park management tends to implement their authority to assure the original function of the national park. The government should take necessary action to resolve this long-term conflict using a rights-based approach; so the refugees, who are also the citizens of the state, could have their access to cultivate the land.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE: Relasi Negara-Masyarakat dalam Tiga Cerita Rumah Tangga Widya Ayu Permatasari; Suraya Abdulwahab Afiff
Studi Budaya Nusantara Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Studi Budaya Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.sbn.2019.003.02.06

Abstract

The establishment of a gold mining company in Desa S caused the split of society into two part. The first part of the community supported mining companies and the second part, some of them refused the establishment of mining companies. So far, the phenomenon of the split of society into two part, often seen in the national and local domains. Whereas, this study wants to see this phenomenon occur in the realm of the household. The division of society in the realm of households is interesting to understand when the role of local state actors is in it. This condition occurred in my research, where there were three households in which there were local level state actors. The position of these state actors is quite dilemma, on the one hand, a family member supports a mining company, on the other hand, one family member rejects a mining company. The study of state-society relations is an appropriate study in understanding these conditions. In this study, the approach used in assessing the relation of state-society is Migdal's ‘state in society’. One of Migdal's main arguments in this approach is that the state works on two levels, practice and image, where Migdal presupposes an entity to have a social boundary between the public (state and agency) and private (subject to state rules). However, what happened in the research that I did, there was no separation between public and private in the state-society relations in the household domain. Therefore, this study would like to show that the boundary between public and private is blended and overlaps each other in the relations of the state-society in the household domain. Berdirinya perusahaan pertambangan emas di Desa S menyebabkan terbelahnya masyarakat menjadi dua kubu. Kubu pertama sebagian masyarakat mendukung perusahaan pertambangan dan kubu kedua sebagian masyarakat lainnya menolak berdirinya perusahaan pertambangan. Selama ini fenomena perpecahan masyarakat, sering dilihat dalam ranah nasional maupun lokal. Penelitian ini ingin melihat fenomena tersebut terjadi dalam ranah rumah tangga. Terbelahnya masyarakat dalam ranah rumah tangga menarik untuk dipahami ketika peran aktor negara tingkat lokal berada di dalamnya. Dalam penelitian saya, terdapat tiga rumah tangga yang di dalamnya terdapat aktor-aktor negara tingkat lokal. Posisi aktor-aktor negara ini cukup dilematis, di satu sisi salah seorang anggota rumah tangga mendukung perusahaan pertambangan, di sisi lain salah seorang anggota rumah tangga menolak perusahaan pertambangan. Kajian relasi negara-masyarakat adalah kajian yang tepat dalam memahami kondisi tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, pendekatan yang digunakan dalam mengkaji relasi negara-masyarakat adalah state in society milik Migdal. Salah satu argumen utama Migdal dalam pendekatan ini adalah negara bekerja di dua level, yaitu praktek dan citra, dimana Migdal mengandaikan suatu entitas memiliki batas sosial antara public (negara dan agensinya) dan private (subjek aturan negara). Namun, yang terjadi dalam penelitian yang saya lakukan, tidak ada pemisahan mengenai public dan private dalam relasi negara-masyarakat di ranah rumah tangga. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dengan menggunakan kerangkan etnografi ini ingin memperlihatkan bahwa batasan antara public dan private itu blured dan saling tumpang tindih dalam relasi negara-masyarakat di ranah rumah tangga.
Dinamika Keberlangsungan Kelompok Pengusul HKm Sepakat, Pangkalan Bun, Kalimantan Tengah Risna Noviati Amalia; Suraya Abdulwahab Afiff
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan ( Not Accredited)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1037.597 KB) | DOI: 10.22202/mamangan.v6i1.1944

Abstract

This study aims to gain an understanding on a process by which a group can survive. This research applies qualitative and ethnographic methods in the form of case study of one community group in Central Kalimantan that was formed to abtain social forestry permit with Hutan Kemasyarakatan scheme. This study traces internal and external dynamics that contribute significantly to the group’s ability to survive, despite the challenge of this group to gain support from local government. The results show that a number of factors play an important role in maintaining the existence of groups such as the role of the group leader, the motivation and meaning of the group for the members, and how the actors outside the group such as non-governmental organizations and related government agencies concerned with the existence of the group. I hope that the results of this study can improve the understanding of interested parties to support community institutions in forest management. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang proses yang membuat suatu kelompok dapat terus bertahan. Penelitian dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan etnografi ini mengangkat studi kasus satu kelompok masyarakat di Kalimantan Tengah yang dibentuk untuk memperoleh ijin perhutanan sosial dengan skema Hutan Kemasyarakatan.Penelitian ini menelusuri dinamika internal dan eksternal yang berkontribusi nyata pada kemampuan kelompok untuk dapat bertahan, terlepas dari kenyataan tantangan kelompok ini untuk memperoleh dukungan dari pemerintah daerah setempat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejumlah faktor berperan penting untuk mempertahankan keberadaan kelompok seperti peran dari ketua kelompok, motivasi dan makna kelompok bagi anggota, serta bagaimana aktor-aktor di luar kelompok seperti lembaga swadaya masyarakat dan lembaga pemerintah terkait yang berkepentingan dengan keberadaan kelompok.Penulis berharap hasil penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman pihak-pihak yang tertarik untuk mendukung kelembagaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan