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Study of Socio-Demographic Profile of Thoraco-Abdominal Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Mangalore City Abymon K K; Mohd Amjad Bhat; Azia Manzoor Bhat
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14263

Background: Victims in road traffic accidents sustain large varieties of thoracic and abdominal injuries.This post mortem study of profile of thoraco-abdominal injuries, type, pattern and nature of external andinternal injuries involved will be an attempt to highlight the trends in this region. This study is aimed to studysocio-demographic profile of victims died due to fatal thoraco-abdominal injuries in road traffic accidentsin Mangalore city. Material and Methods: Present study was a record based retrospective autopsy studycarried autopsies that had thoraco-abdominal injuries sustained in fatal road traffic accidents. Results: 247cases sustained thoraco-abdominal injuries in RTA were studied. The most common age group was 20 – 29(21.8%) years followed by 30 -39 years (20.2%). Male victims (85.02%) were more compared to females(14.98%) and male: female ratio was 5.6: 1. Most cases were happened on city roads (38.5%) & pedestrianscomprise the greatest number of victims involving 46% cases. 69% cases had thoracic trauma with signs ofexternal injuries while external abdominal injuries were present on 54% cases. 199 (81%) cases sustainedinternal injuries to thorax. 55% cases were associated with external injuries of thorax and 26% cases arewithout external injuries. Most common injuries were fractures of ribs (60 %), injuries to lungs (38%) &injuries to heart (23%). There were 136 (55%) cases of internal abdominal injuries, most common organinjured was liver (38%), followed by spleen (17%) & abdominal wall (14%). Conclusion: The present studywas undertaken to focus light upon socio-demographic profile of thoraco-abdominal injuries in fatal roadtraffic accidents. Maximum numbers of the victims in the present study were males (85 %) in the age groupof 20-39 years (42%), reported in city roads (39%), during summer season. Maximum numbers of victimswere pedestrians (46%).

Study of Mortality Due to Thoraco-Abdominal Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents in Mangalore City Abymon K K; Mohd Amjad Bhat; Azia Manzoor Bhat
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14264

Background: After the strict implementation of helmet rule the number of head injuries due to road trafficaccidents has subsequently decreased, but injuries sustained to thoracic and abdominal regions are stillon the rise. This post mortem study of profile of thoraco-abdominal injuries, type, pattern and nature ofexternal and internal injuries involved will be an attempt to highlight the trends of mortality due to thoracoabdominal injuries associated with road accidents in Mangalore city. Material and Methods: Present studywas autopsy record based retrospective study conducted deaths associated with thoracic-abdominal injuriesthat have definite history of road traffic accidents. Results: From 247 deaths of RTA victims who sustainedthoraco-abdominal injuries, most common age group was 20 – 29 (21.8%) years, male: female ratio was 5.6:1. 21 % of cases were spot dead or dead on arrival to hospital, 60 % of cases died within 24 hours. 68.8%cases had thoracic trauma with signs of external injuries such as abrasions (60.7%), contusion (10.5%) andlaceration (10.2%). External abdominal injuries were present on 54.2% cases, 48.9% cases had abrasionfollowed by contusion in 8.9% cases and laceration in 6.5% cases. 199 (80.6%) cases sustained internalinjuries to thorax. Fractures of ribs were present on 59.5% cases. Injuries to lungs sustained in 37.2% casesand to heart in 22.6% cases. 136 (55.1%) cases of internal abdominal injuries, most common organ injuredwas liver (38%), followed by spleen (17%) & abdominal wall (14%). Among the 247 cases, cause of deathin 47% cases was head injury followed by thoraco-abdominal injury (20%), head injury and thoracic injury(8%), only thoracic injury (7%), abdominal injury (6%). Conclusion: The present study maximum numbersof the victims were males, from age group of 20-39 years, reported on city roads, pedestrians, noted insummer season and cause of death was head injury followed by thoraco-abdominal injuries.

Pattern of Thoraco-Abdominal Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Mangalore City Abymon K K; Mohd Amjad Bhat; Azia Manzoor Bhat
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14265

Background: After the strict implementation of helmet rule the number of head injuries due to road trafficaccidents has subsequently decreased, but injuries sustained to thoracic and abdominal regions are still on therise. Because of their size and anatomical position, they are major regions of trauma in road traffic accidents.This post mortem study of profile of thoraco-abdominal injuries, type, pattern and nature of external andinternal injuries involved, was an attempt to highlight the trends & pattern of thoraco-abdominal injuries infatal road traffic accidents in Mangalore city. Material and Methods: Present study was a retrospective,autopsy-record based study of thoraco-abdominal injuries sustained in fatal road traffic accidents. Detailsof deceased individuals such as age, sex, information furnished by the police in the inquest papers (form146 (i) & (ii)), autopsy findings, investigation reports if any and cause of death were noted in proforma.Results: During study period among 4271 cases 859 cases (20%) were due to road traffic accidents. Out ofthese 859 cases of road traffic accidents 247 cases (29%) sustained thoraco-abdominal injuries. 38.5% caseshappened on city roads & pedestrians were most common victims (45.8%). Most common injuries werefractures of ribs (60%), followed by injuries to lungs (37%) cases and injuries to heart (23%). Crush injurieswere observed in 6% of cases. There were 136 (55%) cases of internal abdominal injuries, most commonorgan injured was liver (38%), followed by spleen (17%) & abdominal wall (14%). Among the 247 cases,most common cause of death was head injury (47%) followed by thoraco- abdominal injury (20%), headinjury and thoracic injury (8%), only thoracic injury (7%), abdominal injury (6%). Conclusion: Most fatalaccidents were reported on city roads, in summer season and cause of death was head injury followed bythoraco-abdominal injuries. Ribs, lungs and Liver were the organs most commonly injured.

Pattern of Injuries Sustained in Cases of Four Wheelers without wearing Seat Belt Infatal Road Traffic Accidents in Mangalore Azia Manzoor Bhat; Wasim Manzoor Bhat; Vinka Maini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14668

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have been the bane of the modern civilization accounting for considerableloss to the nation. General callous attitude for safety measures, poor law enforcement and uncontrolled motorizationhave caused significant increase in incidence of RTAs. World Health Organization (WHO) puts RTAs as the sixthleading cause of deaths in India, with a greater share of hospitalizations, deaths, disabilities and socioeconomic lossesin young and middle aged population.Aims and Objective: To study the pattern of injuries sustained in cases of four wheelers without wearing seat beltin fatal road traffic accidents in Mangalore.Materials and Method: All cases of road traffic accidents involving fatal head injuries among four wheelers withoutseat belt which underwent autopsy at the Wenlock District Hospital and Justice K.S Hegde charitable Hospital,Mangalore from January 2009 to December 2013 were included in the study. A proforma was prepared, the detailsabout the pattern of skull fractures and also about intracranial haemorrhages were obtained.Results:Majority of the victims of four wheeler not using seat belt were in the age group of 30-39 Years and 40-49Years (26.83% each). Majority of the victims were male (85.37%).Abrasion (46.34%) was the most common Injuryto face and head followed by laceration (29.27%) was observed.Rib fractures was the most common associatedinjury (43.90%) while no associated injury was observed in 56.10%.Diffuse Extravasation of Blood from Scalp wasobserved in 53.66% while from occipital are was seen in 26.83% victims. Linear Type of fracture in vault was seenin 36.59% of victims. Occipital and frontal bone fracture was observed in 29.27% and 24.39% victims respectively.While studying the Base of skull fractures it was seen that ACF was seen in 24.39% victims while PCF in 19.51%and MCF in 14.63% victims. Most common intra cranial haemorrhage was Sub arachnoid haemorrhage (90.24%)followed by sub dural haemorrhage (82.93%). Brain Oedema was seen in 73.17% victims while Contusion to brainwas seen in 26.83% victims. Frontal lobe of brain was injured in 46.34% victims while diffuse brain injury was seenin 29.27% victims.Conclusion:We conclude that the four wheeler accident among the non seat belt users was common in middle agedmales. Head injury and rib fracture was the most common type of injury observed. Liner fracture of skull withoccipital and frontal bone involvement was common. Most common intra cranial haemorrhage was Sub arachnoidhaemorrhage followed by sub dural haemorrhage. Brain Oedema and Contusion to brain were common brain injury.Frontal lobe brain injuries were common followed by diffuse brain injury.

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