Dewi Nawar Sri Juita
Universitas Airlangga

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Bantuan Australia kepada Kiribati melalui Program Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI) Dewi Nawar Sri Juita; Baiq L. S. W. Wardhani
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 8 No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2021.8.1.3486

Abstract

Kiribati merupakan salah satu negara yang terletak di Kepulauan Pasifik yang rentan dengan banjir karena kenaikan permukaan air laut dan diperkirakan akan tenggelam pada tahun 2050. Selain itu, Kiribati juga dihadapkan oleh permasalahan domestik, seperti pengangguran dan kemiskinan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pemerintah Kiribati berupaya untuk membentuk kebijakan yang dikenal dengan “migration with dignity” dengan meningkatkan program pendidikan dan keterampilan. Untuk mendukung kebijakan tersebut, pemerintah Australia sebagai negara tetangga Kiribati, memberikan bantuan berupa beasiswa kepada masyarakat Kiribati dalam bentuk program beasiswa pendidikan geratis di bidang keperawatan dan memberikan kesempatan bagi masyarakat Kiribati yang telah lulus program tersebut untuk bekerja langsung di Australia. Bantuan beasiswa ini dikenal dengan Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI). Penelitian ini menjawab pertanyaan faktor-faktor yang menjadi motif Australia dalam membantu Kiribati. Penelitian ini berupa studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, mengumpulkan data dari buku, internet, dan artikel ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KANI merupakan program beasiswa yang tidak saja menguntungkan Kiribati sebagai negara penerima, tetapi juga menguntungkan Australia sebagai negara pemberi bantuan luar negeri. Self-interest Australia yang dominan dalam program KANI adalah kebutuhannya pada kekurangan tenaga kerja pada sektor kesehatan akibat terbatasnya sumber daya manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut, sekaligus untuk memenuhi tugas regional Australia sebagai ‘big brother’ di Pasifik. Kata kunci: Australia, bantuan luar negeri, KANI, Kiribati Kiribati is a nation in the Pacific Island that is exposed to flooding due to rising sea levels and is expected to sink by 2050. In addition, Kiribati is also faced domestic problems such as unemployment and poverty. To solve the problems, Kiribati government seeks to establish a policy known as "migration with dignity" by improving education and skills programs. To support this policy, Australian government as a neighboring country of Kiribati, provides scholarship assistance to the Kiribati community in the form of free education scholarship programs in the field of nursing and provides opportunities for kiribati citizen who have passed the program to work directly in Australia. This scholarship assistance is known as Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI). This study answers the question of Australia's motive in helping Kiribati. This research is in the form of literature studies using qualitative methods, collecting data from books, the internet, journals and scientific articles. The result showed that KANI is a scholarship program that not only benefits Kiribati as a receiving country, but also benefits Australa as a foreign aid provider. Australia's dominant self-interest in KANI program is its need for workforce shortages in the health sector due to limited human resources in meeting those needs, as well as to fulfill Australia's regional duty as a 'big brother' in the Pacific. Keywords: Australia, foreign aid, KANI, Kiribati
The United Kingdom’s response to the 2014-2018 Islamic State Terrorist Group attacks Dewi Nawar Sri Juita
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2018.974 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V34I12021.93-107

Abstract

Advancements in technology, information, and communication have transformed warfare from a conventional method to psychological warfare (psywar). In the past, warfare was heavily associated with various weapons, such as rifles, bombs, or even nuclear power, to attack an area for specific purposes. In the modern era, warfare is more concerned about technology and information superiority to threaten the enemy faster and more robust. Modern warfare targets the psychology of society in order to win the war. Islamic State (IS) has attracted the world’s attention for its successful strategy in using Twitter in waging war on a country, in this case, the United Kingdom. The purpose of this research is to describe the United Kingdom government’s response in fighting Islamic State attacks on Twitter. This research uses descriptive methods by collecting data from books, the internet, journals, and scientific articles. This study indicates that the United Kingdom responds to Islamic State attacks through two patterns, hard and soft power. The hard power method is carried out through intelligence, police, and economic power to collaborate with international organizations such as the United Nations. The soft power pattern was implemented by creating official state Twitter accounts such as @UKAgainstDaesh, @coalition, @TerrorismPolice, and collaboration with the Global Internet Forum Counter-Terrorism (GIFCT). This strategy plays an essential role in stopping the spread of online terrorism-related content online by blocking related photos, videos, and texts of terrorism.