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All Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Ghada B. Al-Omashi
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Public Health

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Molecular Diagnosis and Genotype Analysis of Giardia lambelia in Diarrheal Patient in Al-Diwaniyah Province-Iraq Saad Salim Mahal; Ghada B. Al-Omashi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14894

Abstract

Three hundred and fifty-six stool samples were collected from the beginning of October 2019 till the endof February 2020 from patients who suffering from gastrointestinal symptoms ,general stool examinationwas done for detect the cysts and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia using direct smear and flotation method.The results showed that 105 out of 356 samples were positive ( 29.49 %) . Nested PCR were done to thesixty samples from the positive results microscopically selected randomly , triosephosphateisomerase (TPI)gene that using in detection Giardia lamblia genotype shows result that positive samples of (A,B,E) whilenot showed result positive to F . The current study also showed high significant association ( P <0.01) , andnoted that the genotype B is the most common than genotype A, where the number of infected samples withthe genetic pattern B 24/60 with percent 40% while the number of infected samples with genetic pattern A18/60 with percent 30%.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Level in Bilharzial and Non-Bilharzial Related Bladder Cancer among Iraqi Patients Sinan Qayes Khayoon; Ghada B. Al-Omashi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14915

Abstract

Bladder cancer has become common cancer globally. It is the most common urological cancer; it comprises asignificant part of urologists’ work. 80 % of bladder cancers are superficial at diagnosis; they have not invadedinto the muscle. The residual 20% are muscle-invasive, which carry a much worse prognosis. Emergingevidence mark that some parasites such as the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium, Clonorchis Sinensisand small liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini are causative agents of malignancies such as bladder cancercaused by schistosomes and cholangiocarcinoma by liver flukes. Infection with Schistosoma haematobiumleads to urogenital schistosomiasis, which has been correlated with the occurrence of bladder cancer. Themechanisms responsible for this association have not yet been clearly identified. This study clarifies theassociation between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and bladder lesions associated with Schistosoma. The resultshows there is a high expression of COX2 in the Bilharzia related bladder cancer (BBC) while there is lowexpression of COX2 in non-bilharzia related bladder cancer (NBBC). In conclusion, conceder the positiveexpression of COX2 among Iraqi patients with Schistosomal-related bladder lesions is high. There may bea strong association between high rates of bladder cancer and urinary schistosomiasis in Iraq, as the vastmajority of COX2 lesions were positive.
Co-Authors Saad Salim Mahal Sinan Qayes Khayoon