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Sayak Sovan Dutta
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An Autopsy based Study on the Relationship of Cystic Artery with Respect to Common Bile Duct, Common Hepatic Duct and Calot’s Triangle in Light of Hepato-Biliary Surgery Puloma Chakraborty; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15337

Abstract

Background: The arterial system of human body is often subjected to a good number of variations. Therefore, trying to find out variations in relationship of cystic artery with CBD, CHD and Calot’s triangle will surely be a useful endeavor for an Anatomist and Autopsy Surgeon, moreover such an effort will help the surgeons in planning and operating upon the hepatobiliary system. Method: The present work was carried out in the Department of FMT, NRSMCH, Kolkata in collaboration with the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata over a period of one year to find out relationship of Cystic artery with CBD and CHD and also to check whether Cystic artery was present within Calot’s triangle. Fifty cadavers of both sexes were subjected to detail dissection method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Adult human cadavers above 18 yrs of age were included in this study whereas paediatric cadavers below 18 yrs of age, cadavers above 18 years where dissection cannot be done because of pathology in and around porta hepatis, decomposed dead bodies and dead bodies came for autopsy with gross abdominal injury involving hepato-billiary system were excluded from the study. The study was prospective, cross sectional, observational, autopsy based study. The cystic artery was lying posterior to CHD or CBD in 90% cases where as it was placed anteriorly in 10% of specimens. The cystic artery was lying anterior to CHD in 6% cases whereas and anterior to the CBD in 4% cases. In these 4 % cases CA was also inferior in position with respect to the cystic duct. In 96% of specimens the cystic artery was lying inside the Calot’s triangle whereas the 4% cases showed presence of cystic arteries outside the Calot’s triangle. Conclusion: Because variations are very common in hepatic and Cystic arteries, sound knowledge will allow the surgeons to practice safe laparoscopic or open Cholecystectomy, liver resections and vascular recombination in transplantation and there by avoid errors and patient morbidity. A good knowledge of Calot’s triangle is important for conventional and laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
An Integrated Autopsy based Study on Variations in Origin of Right and Left Hepatic Arteries & Cystic Artery in Light of Hepato-Biliary Surgery Puloma Chakraborty; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15338

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is widely accepted as the gold standard in the treatment of cholelithiasis and this new technique was initially associated with a significant increase in morbidity, and in particular, in iatrogenic biliary injury and arterial haemorrhage, perhaps due to a lack of knowledge of the laparoscopic anatomy of the gallbladder pedicle.The arterial system of human body is often subjected to a good number of variations. Therefore, trying to find out variations in origin of right and left hepatic arteries and also cystic artery will surely be a useful endeavor for an Anatomist and Autopsy Surgeon, moreover such an effort will help the surgeons in planning and operating upon the hepatobiliary system. Method:The present work was carried out in the Department of FMT, NRSMCH, Kolkata in collaboration with the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata over a period of one year to find out variations ion origin of right and left hepatic arteries and cystic artery. Fifty cadavers of both sexes were subjected to detail dissection method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was prospective, cross sectional, observational, autopsy based study.Conclusion:In 92% cases total number of branches from the HAP were three, four branches were arising from it in 6% cases, whereas >four branches from the HAP in remaining 2% cases.The branching pattern of the HAP at the porta hepatis showed bifurcation in 96 % cases, whereas HAP showed trifurcation pattern at porta hepatis in 4% cases.Any source of origin of the RHA and LHA other than the HAP was recorded as 0%. The percentage of occurrence of accessory or replaced RHA was 0%.This was also the case with LHA.The present study revealed the RHA (92%) being the commonest source of origin of cystic artery. In 8% cases cystic artery represented variant origin. Variant origins of CA were represented by the HAP (6%) and GDA (2%).In 96% of cases, the cystic artery was single. Remaining 4% of cadavers showed presence of more than one cystic artery, the number being two.Most significant finding in this present study according to the researcher is the presence of double cystic arteries.
Correlation of Sex & BMI with Fusion of Human Sternum in ‘Bengalee’ Population from Dead Bodies Sent for Autopsy in NRSMCH Morgue Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Subhajit Adhikary
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15351

Abstract

Background: Sternum is the bone which gives a fair idea for the estimation of age in the later decadesof life. It is a well established fact that factors like endocrinal, heredity, climate, diatic habits have certaindegree of influence over bony union and it is also proved that epiphyseal union occurs one to two yearsearlier in females than in males. BMI (Body Mass Index) is defined as person’s weight in kilograms dividedby the square of height in meters. Methods: The aim of the study is to establish any Correlation of sex andBMI with the fusion of different parts of Sternum in Bengalees.120 sternums are studied in this study overa period of 1.5 years from the dead bodies of ‘Bengalee’ persons sent for Post Mortem examination in theHospital morgue, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, N.R.S Medical College & Hospital,Kolkata. Concussion: There was no significant difference between male and female in respect to the agesshowing fusion. When the BMI of the subjects were compared with different grades of fusion between thesternal segments, significant statistical correlation was found between the fusion of sternebrae and the BMI,but fusion of Xiphisternum and Manubrium with Mesosternum did not show any statistically significantcorrelation. Sexual variation of ages for fusion of sternum was not found in ‘Bengalee’ population. Nutritionalstatus has a significant effect on the fusion of the sternebrae with each other, but no significant effect on thefusion of xiphisternum and manubrium with body of sternum.
A Study on Autopsy Findings of Different Types of Poisoning Cases at NRSMCH Morgue WHO Admitted and Expired at NRS Medical College Hospital, Kolkata Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Apurba Biswas
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15353

Abstract

Background: Poisoning constitutes a major number of hospital admissions among different types ofhospital admission cases in India. Several factors like development of science along with invention of stronginsecticides and change in life style of human beings added with mental & social stress and easy availabilityof poisons are few factors responsible for increasing number of poisoning cases. The cause and the nature ofpoisoning cases which are admitting in different hospitals many times remain unknown to us. This problemcan be solved by examining different autopsy findings of different poisoning cases & chemical analysis ofdifferent organs as early as possible. The main objective of the study is to study both the external and internalautopsy findings in case of death due to poisoning. Methods: 74 poisoning cases were studied over a periodof one year who were first admitted in NRSMCH and subsequently died at the said Hospital. Brought deathand nursing home/other Hospital admission cases/ cases referred from other Hospital are excluded from thisstudy. The study is a prospective, cross sectional and descriptive study. Conclusion: Corrosive poisoningis the commonest type of poison followed by ophitoxaemia. Face was congested in most cases of death. Nosignificant findings found in most of the victim’s oesophagus. Majority of internal organs were congested.
Rationale of “Potency Test” as Performed on Alleged Accused of Sexual Offences in Age Old Forensic Practice- A Study Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Joydeep Khan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15357

Abstract

Background: Following the amendment in Sec 375 IPC as per Criminal Law Amendment Act 2013, potencyis not at all essential to commit rape and so even an impotent man can rape a woman. Even after the change indefinition of rape and laws related to it in 2013, still the same age old question of potency is repeating in everyrequisition seeking medical examination of alleged accused of sexual offence. Investigating police officersask for potency test of the alleged accused persons irrespective of the type of sex offence committed by thepersons. MoreoverMedical examination report of the alleged accused is often labelled as the ‘‘POTENCYTEST REPORT” in the Court of Law disregarding all other findings. Method: Diagnosis of impotence isa multi-disciplinary approach. The aim of the study is to discuss the rationale of potency test in relation tosexual assault cases in light of CLAA (2013) and current practice followed in many Institutions.76 Allegedaccused of various sexual offence cases are studied here concerning the history of sexual offence, selfclaim of potency and duration between alleged incident and medicolegal examination. Conclusion: There isabsolutely no necessity of potency test if there is no history of peno-vaginal intercourse and if the accusedis not claiming himself to be impotent. Integrated approach between doctors and law enforcing agencies isessential to channelize the investigation in a more scientific way.
Estimation of Age from the Fusion of Human Sternum in ‘Bengalee’ Population from Dead Bodies Sent for Autopsy in NRSMCH Morgue Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Subhajit Adhikary
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15358

Abstract

Background: Age is a datum of identification for any human individual.It is mandatory for an autopsysurgeon to perform autopsy of unknown dead bodies brought by the police, and the dilemma that he orshe faces is how to establish the identity of that body.Sternum is the bone which gives a fair idea for theestimation of age in the later decades of life. Method: the aim of the study is estimation of Age from thefusion of different parts of Sternum in a human individual.Dead bodies of ‘Bengalee’ persons sent forPost Mortem examination in the Hospital morgue, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, N.R.SMedical College & Hospital, Kolkata. 120 sternums are studied in this study over a period of 1.5 years.Fusion of xiphisternum with the lower end of mesosternum starts above 22 years of age, complete unioncan be observed above 31 years on the other hand beginning of union can also be seen at 45 years of age.No union or beginning of union was seen in older ages also.Complete fusion between manubrium and upperend of mesosternum was found at as low as 24 years age,yet beginning of union and recently complete unionwas seen at 40 years and 47 years- 49 years respectively. Older ages also showed no union. There was nosignificant difference between male and female in respect to the ages showing fusion.The increasing gradesof fusion of different sternal segments when compared with increasing ages showed significant statisticalcorrelation. Conclusion: In the ‘Bengalee’ population it can be said that with increasing age the differentparts of sternum show increasing grades of fusion, fusion of the sternebrae startsaround puberty and iscompleted by 17 years- 20 years of age, xiphoid process fuses next and then comes the fusion betweenmanubrium and mesosternum, though exceptions are there, where younger aged individuals showedcomplete union yet older aged individuals showed no union or beginning of union.
A Post-Mortem Study of “Lifelines”: Common Belief Vs. Reality Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Shelly Samanta
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15359

Abstract

Background: Dermatoglyphicsis the scientific study of naturally occurring creases on certain body partslike palms, fingers, soles and toes.As per Dermatoglyphics, the creases are believed to result from flexionof the fetal skin and can be influenced by factors causing aberrant development of the embryo. Method: theobjectives of the study was to examining the length of lifelines of the deceased and calculation of predictedage of individuals from their lifeline’s length by applying the knowledge of palmistry. And to compare thepredicted age with the age at death of those deceased individuals. 100 cases all above 18 years are studiedover a period of three months. Conclusion: The result of this study revealed that it is not in agreement withthe popular belief of Palmistry among most of the common people that length of lifeline reveals longevity.More is the age at death, the likelihood of the prediction of longevity from the lifeline being right is more.
A Study on Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Different Types of Poisoning Cases at NRSMCH Morgue Who Admitted and Expired at NRS Medical College Hospital, Kolkata Sandip Mukhopadhyay; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Apurba Biswas
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15941

Abstract

Co-Authors Apurba Biswas Joydeep Khan Puloma Chakraborty Sandip Mukhopadhyay Shelly Samanta Subhajit Adhikary